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Cross Cultural Adaptation of Design Thinking in Entrepreneurship Higher Education in Indonesia

  • Entrepreneurship and entrepreneurship education have expanded together, and their conceptual and methodological challenges do not prevent the implementation of entrepreneurial education in educational contexts. The desire for a global workforce that can handle uncertainties and solve problems that cannot be solved by pure analytical inquiry drives the rapidly expanding number of educational programs and activities that are design-based. A growing number of educational programs for entrepreneurs increasingly incorporate design-based methods. However, design thinking-based theoretical assumptions may also be lacking. Despite growing academic interest in design thinking and entrepreneurship education, little is known about design thinking in higher entrepreneurship education, especially in Eastern nations. A Western teaching method, entrepreneurial design thinking may be adapted to many cultures. In this instance, the West has established entrepreneurship education as a respectable study subject and teaching practice in higher education over the past 40 years. The Eastern nations' occurrence varies, including Indonesia. Indonesia is an intriguing research subject since it has over 50% youth due to its abundant natural resources. However, it needs more opportunity-based entrepreneurs and requires assistance in implementing entrepreneurship education with a more innovative, design-based, and successful method. Entrepreneurial design thinking fulfills this demand. Indonesian students and teachers' norm-based attitudes and cultural mindsets towards a new western creative method may hinder entrepreneurial design thinking's acceptance. The literature review found that Indonesian university students are collaborative, compassionate, and practical, like design thinkers. However, they may also be risk-averse, self-restrained, and dependent on teachers as stereotypical Asians. Classroom space, educators' design thinking competence, and university or institution support are further barriers. Additional study into these challenges is needed to adapt design thinking to Indonesian entrepreneurial higher education culturally. Based on the above research needs, the purpose of this research endeavor is to look into the cultural nuances of the design thinking technique for entrepreneurial higher education and postulate how it could be adapted to other cultures, especially in Indonesia. This thesis uses deductive and qualitative case-study research methods. In particular, the latter used thematic analysis (Braun & Clarke, 2006; Terry & Hayfield, 2021) as the data analysis technique to provide a means and tools for understanding from interviews, class observation, and literature studies. Since this thesis follows the constructivist-relativist research paradigm, it explores contextual and cultural differences in Indonesian entrepreneurship education and its potential and obstacles to adapt the Western teaching methodology of entrepreneurial design thinking in higher education. In summary, this study searches for elements that might aid or hinder the cross-cultural adaption of entrepreneurial design thinking. This research wants to understand how cross-cultural adaptability fits into entrepreneurial design thinking research, especially for Indonesia. This thesis aims to provide new theoretical insights and practical advice on adapting entrepreneurial design thinking from Western to Eastern cultures. From the findings, this thesis concluded at least seven educational value differentials before adaptation from the exhaustive literature and case study evaluations. For Indonesian entrepreneurship higher education institutions to use entrepreneurial design thinking, they must consider educational culture, technological infrastructure, language, primary audience, learning and teaching style, reasoning patterns, and social-cultural environment. This study provides four practical adaptation recommendations: socialization, externalization, combination, and internalization. Finally, this research demonstrated that cross-cultural adaption of entrepreneurial design thinking in Indonesia might be difficult but worthwhile. This thesis' case study, "School of Business Management – Bandung Institute of Technology (SBM ITB)", showed that Indonesian entrepreneurial higher education might use design thinking as a teaching approach. All stakeholders must improve internally and publicly. Thus, this study recommended integrating most Indonesian higher education institutions' entrepreneurship teaching approaches with a "student-centered" approach that stresses business mentorship, uses design thinking tools and processes, and links them to students' entrepreneurial initiatives. To summarize, this research contributes to the field since it draws on and combines the findings of several other fields of study, including entrepreneurial education, design thinking, and cross-cultural adaptation. This study stepped out of the "usual and proper" pedagogical ruts to investigate "non-human" cross-cultural adaptability. It has attempted to apply these ideas to a real-world, unique case study in a developing nation (in this case, Indonesia).

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Metadaten
Author:Ria Tristya Amalia
URN:urn:nbn:de:hbz:kob7-25260
Advisor:Harald F. O. von Korflesch
Document Type:Doctoral Thesis
Language:English
Date of completion:2024/11/13
Date of publication:2024/11/17
Publishing institution:Universität Koblenz, Universitätsbibliothek
Granting institution:Universität Koblenz, Fachbereich 4
Date of final exam:2024/10/07
Release Date:2024/11/17
Tag:design thinking; entrepreneurship in higher education; cross-cultural adaptation; Indonesia
Number of pages:xiv, 545
Institutes:Fachbereich 4 / Institut für Management
Dewey Decimal Classification:3 Sozialwissenschaften / 37 Bildung und Erziehung / 378 Hochschulbildung
BKL-Classification:80 Pädagogik
81 Bildungswesen
Licence (German):License LogoEs gilt das deutsche Urheberrecht: § 53 UrhG