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This work describes a novel software tool for visualizing anatomical segmentations of medical images. It was developed as part of a bachelor's thesis project, with a view to supporting research into automatic anatomical brain image segmentation. The tool builds on a widely-used visualization approach for 3D image volumes, where sections in orthogonal directions are rendered on screen as 2D images. It implements novel display modes that solve common problems with conventional viewer programs. In particular, it features a double-contour display mode to aid the user's spatial orientation in the image, as well as modes for comparing two competing segmentation labels pertaining to one and the same anatomical region. The tool was developed as an extension to an existing open-source software suite for medical image processing. The visualization modes are, however, suitable for implementation in the context of other viewer programs that follow a similar rendering approach.
The modified code can be found here: soundray.org/mm-segmentation-visualization.tar.gz.
Die didaktische Konzeption der Schreibkonferenz ist soweit etabliert, dass sie bereits in den rheinland-pfälzischen Rahmenplan für die Grundschule für das Fach Deutsch übernommen wurde. Bisher liegt eine Reihe von Erfahrungsberichten zur Schreibkonferenz vor, jedoch wurden dazu bislang kaum systematisch empirische Untersuchungen durchgeführt. Die empirische Studie dieser Arbeit, welche an die VERA-Studie angeschlossen ist, untersucht, ob im Grundschulunterricht (in der dritten und vierten Klasse) der Einsatz von Schreibkonferenzen im Vergleich zur konventionellen Aufsatzdidaktik zu einer Verbesserung der Schreibleistungen, des eigenen Lernens, zu positiven Veränderungen des eigenen Verhaltens sowie zur Förderung der Motivation der Schüler beim Schreiben führt. Dabei wird von folgenden Überlegungen ausgegangen: Zum einen sollte die Schreibkonferenz im Gegensatz zur traditionellen Aufsatzdidaktik das selbstständige Arbeiten der Schüler mit Texten im Deutschunterricht fördern, zum anderen sollte sie zu einer intensiveren Auseinandersetzung mit Texten und damit zu einer Verbesserung des Aufsatzschreibens führen.
Student misbehavior and its treatment is a major challenge for teachers and a threat to their well-being. Indeed, teachers are obliged to punish student misbehavior on a regular basis. Additionally, teachers’ punishment decisions are among the most frequently reported situations when it comes to students’ experiences of injustice in school. By implication, it is crucial to understand teachers’ treatment of student misbehavior vis-à-vis students’ perceptions. One key dimension of punishment behavior reflects its underlying motivation and goals. People generally intend to achieve three goals when punishing misbehavior, namely, retribution (i.e., evening out the harm caused), special prevention (i.e., preventing recidivism of the offender), and general prevention (i.e., preventing imitation of others). Importantly, people’s support of these punishment goals is subject to hierarchy and power, implying that teachers’ and students’ punishment goal preferences differ. In this dissertation, I present three research projects that shed first light on teachers’ punishment and its goals along with the students’ perception of classroom intervention strategies pursuing these goals. More specifically, I first examined students’ (i.e., children’s) general support of each of the three punishment goals sketched above. Furthermore, I applied an attributional approach to understand and study the goals teachers intend to achieve when punishing student misbehavior. Finally, I investigated teachers’ and students’ support of the punishment goals regarding the same student misbehavior to directly compare their views on these goals and reactions pursuing them. In sum, the findings show that students generally prefer retribution and special prevention to general prevention, whereas teachers prefer general prevention and special prevention to retribution. This ultimately translates into a "mismatch" of teachers and students in their preferences for specific punishment goals, and the findings suggest that this may indeed enhance students’ perception of injustice. Overall, the results of the present research program may be valuable for the development of classroom intervention strategies that may reduce rather than enhance conflicts in student-teacher-interactions.
The goal of this thesis is to create a recommender system (RS) for business processes, based on the existing ProM plugin RegPFA. To accomplish this task, firstly an interface must be created that sets up and expands a database receiving probabilistic finite automata (PFA) created by RegPFA in tsml format as input. Secondly, a Java program must be designed that uses said database to recommend the process elements that are most likely to follow a given sequence of process elements.
Business rules have become an important tool to warrant compliance at their business processes. But the collection of these business rules can have various conflicting elements. This can lead to a violation of the compliance to be achieved. This conflicting elements are therefore a kind of inconsistencies, or quasi incon- sistencies in the business rule base. The target for this thesis is to investigate how those quasi inconsistencies in business rules can be detected and analyzed. To this aim, we develop a comprehensive library which allows to apply results from the scientific field of inconsistency measurement to business rule formalisms that are actually used in practice.
Most social media platforms allow users to freely express their opinions, feelings, and beliefs. However, in recent years the growing propagation of hate speech, offensive language, racism and sexism on the social media outlets have drawn attention from individuals, companies, and researchers. Today, sexism both online and offline with different forms, including blatant, covert, and subtle lan- guage, is a common phenomenon in society. A notable amount of work has been done over identifying sexist content and computationally detecting sexism which exists online. Although previous efforts have mostly used peoples’ activities on social media platforms such as Twitter as a public and helpful source for collecting data, they neglect the fact that the method of gathering sexist tweets could be biased towards the initial search terms. Moreover, some forms of sexism could be missed since some tweets which contain offensive language could be misclassified as hate speech. Further, in existing hate speech corpora, sexist tweets mostly express hostile sexism, and to some degree, the other forms of sexism which also appear online was disregarded. Besides, the creation of labeled datasets with manual exertion, relying on users to report offensive comments with a tremendous effort by human annotators is not only a costly and time-consuming process, but it also raises the risk of involving discrimination under biased judgment.
This thesis generates a novel sexist and non-sexist dataset which is constructed via "UnSexistifyIt", an online web-based game that incentivizes the players to make minimal modifications to a sexist statement with the goal of turning it into a non-sexist statement and convincing other players that the modified statement is non-sexist. The game applies the methodology of "Game With A Purpose" to generate data as a side-effect of playing the game and also employs the gamification and crowdsourcing techniques to enhance non-game contexts. When voluntary participants play the game, they help to produce non-sexist statements which can reduce the cost of generating new corpus. This work explores how diverse individual beliefs concerning sexism are. Further, the result of this work highlights the impact of various linguistic features and content attributes regarding sexist language detection. Finally, this thesis could help to expand our understanding regarding the syntactic and semantic structure of sexist and non-sexist content and also provides insights to build a probabilistic classifier for single sentences into sexist or non-sexist classes and lastly find a potential ground truth for such a classifier.
Social Network of Business Objects (SoNBO) is a concept for aggregating information distributed in he-terogeneous system landscapes and making it available via a single user interface. The central idea is to understand company information as a network (graph). There is already a SoNBO-Explorer which integrates the information of a customer relationship management system (CRM system). The challenge in configuring such an application is to identify the corporate network and thus find out how the stored data is linked within the company. A tool that can visualize the corporate network is helpful for this. In this thesis a selfdeveloped tool (SoNBO-Graph-App) is presented as a prototype, which realizes this visualization. With this application the configuration of the network in the SoNBO Explorer consisting of the merged data can be supported by carrying out that configuration on a graphical level. The prototype is connected to two different databases of a Customer Relationship Management (CRM) system and allows the aggregation of these data so that it is displayed as a graph in an overview. This gives the user a better insight and understanding of the relationship between the different data. This work is part of the longterm research project SoNBO, whose goal is a concept for the integration of information from different business application systems.
Recently the workflow control as well as compliance analysis of the Enterprise Resource Planning systems are of a high demand. In this direction, this thesis presents the potential of developing a Workflow Management System upon a large Enterprise Resource Planning system by involving business rule extraction, business process discovery, design of the process, integration and compliance analysis of the system. Towards this, usability, limitations and challenges of every applied approach are deeply explained in the case of an existing system named SHD ECORO.
Simulation von Rauch
(2019)
This bachelor thesis deals with the simulation of smoke in a particle
system. Here the possibilities are investigated to implement smoke as
realistically as possible in a particle system and to calculate it in real time.
The physical simulation is based on the work of Müller and
Ren, who deal with the physical properties of fluids and gases.
The simulation was implemented on the GPU using C++, OpenGL and
the compute shaders available in OpenGL. Special attention was paid
to the performance of the simulation. Hoetzlein techniques are
used to accelerate the particle system. Two acceleration methods were
then implemented and compared. The runtime, but also the used memory
space of the GPU is discussed.
Refractory dry-vibratable mixes, which consist of a mineral filling material and an organic or anorganic binder system, are widely used for linings in industrial aggregates, where a very high temperature resistance is required (e.g. steel industry). During lining, all compounds are mixed and hardening is chemically or thermally initiated. The time span required for hardening is of special relevance for the application of refractory dry-vibratable mixes. It should be long enough for adequate processability, but simultaneously avoid too long downtimes. Prediction or regulation of the hardening time, necessary for an ideal processing, is currently limited. One the one hand, this is a result of the lack of an appropriate method for time-dependent determination of the harding process. On the other hand, the mechanisms responsible for this very complex process have not yet been investigated in detail and the effect of influencing factors, like the temperature or the composition of the refractory dry-vibratable mixes, are poorly documented.
To make a contribution to the understanding of the hardening mechanism of refractory dry-vibratable mixes, it was the aim of the present work, to develop an appropriate test method for the time-dependent investigation of this process. This was realized by means of the dynamic-mechanical analysis. In addition, the hardening mechanism was described for a refractory dry-vibratable mix with a binder system, which consists of a waterglass and a phosphate hardener (AlPO4 und BPO4), using supplement gravimetric investigations and determining solubility behavior of the phosphates. By means of X-ray diffraction analysis, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy, the impact of the hardening mechanism on the crystal and amorphous structure was studied. It could be shown, that according to the two phosphates, the hardening leads to different network structures in respect of their link denseness. These structure characteristics correlate with the speed of the hardening reactions. In addition, the impact on selected properties (thermal linear deformation, temperature-dependent phase development and phase transition) could be deducted.
Die Nachhaltigkeitsberichterstattung kann als ein zentrales Element einer konsequenten Unternehmensstrategie zur Umsetzung der gesellschaftlichen Verantwortung (Corporate Social Responsibility) angesehen werden. Um die Unternehmen bei dieser Aufgabe zu unterstützen stellt die Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) mit ihren G4 Leitlinien einen Orientierungsrahmen bereit, dessen Anwendung sich allerdings für Klein und Mittelunternehmen sehr komplex gestaltet. Ein branchenspezifisches Sector Supplement für den Weinbau existiert derzeit noch nicht.
Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit ist es, diese Forschungslücke durch die Entwicklung weinbauspezifischer Nachhaltigkeitsaspekte und Indikatoren zu schließen, um den Betrieben eine selbstständige GRI-konforme Berichterstattung zu ermöglichen.
Der Prozess zur Identifikation wesentlicher Nachhaltigkeitsaspekte und -indikatoren erfolgt mittels Erhebungs- und Auswertungsmethoden der qualitativen Sozialforschung in Form
von Workshops, betrieblichen Vorortanalysen und Experteninterviews.
Parallel dazu erfolgt eine umfassende Analyse der weinbaulichen Wertschöpfungskette in Form einer Internet- und Literaturrecherche. Diese umfasst vorrangig die ökologischen Nachhaltigkeitsaspekte als diejenigen Bestandteile weinbaulicher Tätigkeiten, die sich sowohl positiv als auch negativ auf die Umwelt auswirken können. Anschließend erfolgt die zentrale Priorisierung der identifizieren Handlungsfelder und Nachhaltigkeitsthemen durch die Stakeholder. Zur Visualisierung der bewerteten Handlungsfelder dient das Instrument der Wesentlichkeitsanalyse.
Auf dieser Basis erfolgt die Entwicklung eines Handlungsleitfadens zur Erstellung von Nachhaltigkeitsberichten in der Weinwirtschaft. Hiermit erlangen Weingüter die praktische Kompetenz ein eigenes Nachhaltigkeitsreporting anzugehen.
Im Rahmen der Arbeit wurde auch ein elektronisches Tool entwickelt, das den Betrieben die Möglichkeit eröffnet, betriebliche Umweltaspekte zu erfassen und zu bewerten. Gleichzeitig wird den Anwendern damit die Generierung eines überbetrieblichen Vergleichs der Umweltleistung ermöglicht (Benchmarking).
Eine weitere Forschungsfrage der vorliegenden Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit der Biodiversitätserfassung und -bewertung für Rebland. Hintergrund sind die bisher nur geringen Funde auf der durch das Bundesamt für Naturschutz festgelegten Kennartenlisten bzw. den HNV-Stichprobenflächen (High nature value farmland-Indikator) für Rebland.
Hierzu wurde mittels Geoinformationssystemen das Artenvorkommen in rheinland-pfälzischen Weinanbaugebieten analysiert und 30 Pflanzenarten als Indikatorarten für den Weinbau abgeleitet. Ergänzend wurden weinbergstypische, geschützte Tierarten als „Bonusarten“ identifiziert. Die Indikatorarten werden den Winzern als ein Instrument zur eigenständigen Erfassung der Biodiversität in den Weinbergen dienen und im Rahmen einer Nachhaltigkeitsberichterstattung herangezogen werden können.
Clubs, such as Scouts, rely on the work of their volunteer members, who have a variety of tasks to accomplish. Often there are sudden changes in their organization teams and offices, whereby planning steps are lost and inexperience in planning occurs. Since the special requirements are not covered by already existing tools, ScOuT, a planning tool for the organization administration, is designed and developed in this work to support clubs with regard to the mentioned problems. The focus was on identifying and using various suitable guidelines and heuristic methods to create a usable interface. The developed product was evaluated empirically by a user survey in terms of usability.
The result of this study shows that already a high degree of the desired goal could be reached by the inclusion of the guidelines and methods. From this it can be concluded that with the help of user-specific concept ideas and the application of suitable guidelines and methods, a suitable basis for a usable application to support clubs can be created.
Abstract
This bachelor thesis delivers a comprehensive overview of the topic Internet of Things (IoT). With the help of a first literature review, important characteristics, architectures, and properties have been identified. The main aim of this bachelor thesis is to determine whether the use of IoT in the transport of food, considering the compliance with the cold chain, can provide advantages for companies to reduce food waste. For this purpose, a second literature review has been carried out with food transport systems without the use, as well as with the use of IoT. Based on the literature review, it is possible at the end to determine a theoretical ‘ideal’ system for food transport in refrigerated trucks. The respective used technologies are also mentioned. The findings of several authors have shown that often significant improvements can be achieved in surveillance, transport in general, or traceability of food, and ultimately food waste can be reduced. However, benefits can also be gained using new non-IoT-based technologies. Thus, the main knowledge of this bachelor thesis is that a theoretical ‘ideal’ transport system contains a sensible combination of technologies with and without IoT. This system includes the use of a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) for real-time food monitoring, as well as an alarm function when the temperature exceeds a maximum. Real-time monitoring with GPS coupled with a monitoring center to prevent traffic jams is another task. Smart and energy-efficient packaging, and finally the use of the new supercooling-technology, make the system significantly more efficient in reducing food waste. These highlights, that when choosing a transport system, which is as efficient and profitable as possible for food with refrigerated transport, companies need not just rely on the use of IoT. On this basis, it is advisable to combine the systems and technologies used so far with IoT in order to avoid as much food waste as possible.
The goal of simulations in computergraphics is the simulation of realistic phenomena of materials. Therefore, internal and external acting forces are accumulated in each timestep. From those, new velocities get calculated that ultimately change the positions of geometry or particles. Position Based Dynamics omits thie velocity layer and directly works on the positions. Constraints are a set of rules defining the simulated material. Those rules must not be violated throughout the simulation. If this happens, the violating positions get changed so that the constraints get fullfilled once again. In this work a PBD-framework gets implemented, that allows simulations of solids and fluids. Constraints get solved using GPU implementations of Gauss-Seidel and Gauss-Jakobi solvers. Results are physically plausible simulations that are real-time capable.
Redaktionelle Korrektur betreffend die Siebzehnte Ordnung zur Änderung der Prüfungsordnung für die Prüfung im Zwei-Fach-Bachelorstudiengang an der Universität Koblenz-Landau
Erste Ordnung zur Neufassung der Beitragsordnung der örtlichen Studierendenschaft der Universität Koblenz-Landau
Erste Ordnung zur Änderung der Finanzordnung der örtlichen Studierendenschaft der Universität Koblenz-Landau
Erste Ordnung zur Änderung der Wahlordnung der örtlichen Studierendenschaft der Universität Koblenz-Landau
Erste Ordnung zur Änderung der Satzung der örtlichen Studierendenschaft der Universität Koblenz-Landau, Campus Koblenz
Ordnung zur Änderung der Beitragsordnung des Studierendenwerks Vorderpfalz
Sechste Satzung zur Änderung der Satzung der Universität Koblenz-Landau über das Auswahlverfahren in zulassungsbeschränkten Studiengängen
Elfte Ordnung zur Änderung der Prüfungsordnung für die Prüfung im lehramtsbezogenen Bachelorstudiengang Berufsbildende Schulen an der Universität Koblenz-Landau,
der Hochschule Koblenz und der Philosophisch-Theologischen Hochschule Vallendar
Zehnte Ordnung zur Änderung der Ordnung für die Prüfung im Masterstudiengang Lehramt an berufsbildenden Schulen an der Universität Koblenz-Landau, der Hochschule Koblenz und der Philosophisch-Theologischen Hochschule Vallendar
Satzung zur Festsetzung von Zulassungszahlen an der Universität Koblenz-Landau für das Studienjahr 2019/2020
Satzung zur Festsetzung der Normwerte für den Ausbildungsaufwand (Curricularnormwerte) der Universität Koblenz-Landau
Neunzehnte Ordnung zur Änderung der Ordnung für die Prüfung im lehramtsbezogenen Zertifikatsstudiengang (Erweiterungsprüfung) an der Universität Koblenz-Landau und der Hochschule Koblenz
Fünfte Ordnung zur Änderung der Ordnung für die Prüfung im Bachelorstudiengang und im Masterstudiengang BioGeoWissenschaften der Universität Koblenz-Landau
Vierundzwanzigste Ordnung zur Änderung der Prüfungsordnung für die Prüfung im lehramtsbezogenen Bachelorstudiengang an der Universität Koblenz-Landau
Einundzwanzigste Ordnung zur Änderung der Prüfungsordnung für die Prüfung in den Masterstudiengängen für das Lehramt an Grundschulen, das Lehramt an Realschulen
plus, das Lehramt an Förderschulen sowie das Lehramt an Gymnasien an der Universität Koblenz-Landau
Achtzehnte Ordnung zur Änderung der Prüfungsordnung für die Prüfung im Zwei-Fach-Bachelorstudiengang an der Universität Koblenz-Landau
Ordnung zur Aufhebung der Masterprüfungsordnung für den Weiterbildenden Fernstudiengang „Energiemanagement“ an der Universität Koblenz-Landau
Masterprüfungsordnung für den weiterbildenden Fernstudiengang Energiemanagement des Fachbereiches 3: Mathematik / Naturwissenschaften der Universität Koblenz-Landau
Erste Ordnung zur Änderung der Masterprüfungsordnung für den weiterbildenden Fernstudiengang Inklusion und Schule des Fachbereichs 1: Bildungswissenschaften der
Universität Koblenz-Landau
Erste Ordnung zur Änderung der Masterprüfungsordnung für den weiterbildenden Fernstudiengang Personal und Organisation des Fachbereichs 1: Bildungswissenschaften der Universität Koblenz-Landau
Dritte Ordnung zur Änderung der Gemeinsamen Prüfungsordnung für den Bachelorstudiengang „Angewandte Naturwissenschaften“ und den Masterstudiengang „Chemie und Physik funktionaler Materialien / Chemistry and Physics of functional Materials“ an der Universität Koblenz-Landau
Gemeinsame Prüfungsordnung für die Bachelor- und Masterstudiengänge des Fachbereichs Informatik an der Universität Koblenz-Landau
The erosion of the closed innovation paradigm in conjunction with increasing competitive pressure has boosted the interest of both researchers and organizations in open innovation. Despite such rising interest, several companies remain reluctant to open their organizational boundaries to practice open innovation. Among the many reasons for such reservation are the pertinent complexity of transitioning toward open innovation and a lack of understanding of the procedures required for such endeavors. Hence, this thesis sets out to investigate how organizations can open their boundaries to successfully transition from closed to open innovation by analyzing the current literature on open innovation. In doing so, the transitional procedures are structured and classified into a model comprising three phases, namely unfreezing, moving, and institutionalizing of changes. Procedures of the unfreezing phase lay the foundation for a successful transition to open innovation, while procedures of the moving phase depict how the change occurs. Finally, procedures of the institutionalizing phase contribute to the sustainability of the transition by employing governance mechanisms and performance measures. Additionally, the individual procedures are characterized along with their corresponding barriers and critical success factors. As a result of this structured depiction of the transition process, a guideline is derived. This guideline includes the commonly employed actions of successful practitioners of open innovation, which may serve as a baseline for interested parties of the paradigm. With the derivation of the guideline and concise depiction of the individual transitional phases, this thesis consequently reduces the overall complexity and increases the comprehensibility of the transition and its implications for organizations.
Global-Illumination is an important part of the rendering of realistic images. However, the computational complexity of an accurate simulation of these effects is too high for the use in real time applications. In this paper Light-Propagation-Volumes, Screen-Space-Reflections and multiple variants of Screen-Space-Ambient-Occlusion are investigated as a solution for real time rendering. It is shown that they are fast enough for the use in real time applications. The various techniques approximate only a few aspects of the light transport, but complement each other.
Gegeben sei eine Basis b>=10 und eine Ziffer a0 aus der Menge {0,..., b − 1}. Wir untersuchen, ob es unendlich viele Primzahlen gibt, die in ihrer b-adischen Zifferndarstellung die Ziffer a0 nicht besitzen. Ferner schätzen wir die Anzahl dieser Primzahlen, die kleiner sind als X = b^k, nach oben und unten ab.
Damit gelingt uns eine Verallgemeinerung von Maynards Beweis für den Fall b = 10 und wir nutzen hierzu auch die in seiner Arbeit verwendeten Werkzeuge. Unter Anderem benötigen wir die Hardy-Littlewoodsche Kreismethode sowie diverse Siebmethoden, um die Minor Arcs zu kontrollieren.
Schließlich sehen wir, dass wir Maynard's Aussage vor allem dann auf beliebige Basen b>= 10 und ausgeschlossene Ziffern a0 aus {0, ..., b − 1} übertragen können, wenn zwei betragsmäßig größte Eigenwerte von Matrizen, die von b und a0 parametrisiert werden, bestimmte Abschätzungen erfüllen. Dass diese Abschätzungen im Fall b>=102 erfüllt sind, beweisen wir im letzten Kapitel. Für die Fälle b = 10 und b = 11 liegt ebenfalls ein Mathematica-Code vor, der die Abschätzungen bestätigt.
Groundwater is essential for the provision of drinking water in many areas around the world. The ecosystem services provided by groundwater-related organisms are crucial for the quality of groundwater-bearing aquifers. Therefore, if remediation of contaminated groundwater is necessary, the remediation method has to be carefully selected to avoid risk-risk trade-offs that might impact these valuable ecosystems. In the present thesis, the ecotoxicity of the in situ remediation agent Carbo-Iron (a composite of zero valent nano-iron and active carbon) was investigated, an estimation of its environmental risk was performed, and the risk and benefit of a groundwater remediation with Carbo-Iron were comprehensively analysed.
At the beginning of the work on the present thesis, a sound assessment of the environmental risks of nanomaterials was impeded by a lack of guidance documents, resulting in many uncertainties on selection of suitable test methods and a low comparability of test results from different studies with similar nanomaterials. The reasons for the low comparability were based on methodological aspects of the testing procedures before and during the toxicity testing. Therefore, decision trees were developed as a tool to systematically decide on ecotoxicity test procedures for nanomaterials. Potential effects of Carbo-Iron on embryonic, juvenile and adult life stages of zebrafish (Danio rerio) and the amphipod Hyalella azteca were investigated in acute and chronic tests. These tests were based on existing OECD and EPA test guidelines (OECD, 1992a, 2013a, 2013b; US EPA, 2000) to facilitate the use of the obtained effect data in the risk assessment. Additionally, the uptake of particles into the test organisms was investigated using microscopic methods. In zebrafish embryos, effects of Carbo-Iron on gene expression were investigated. The obtained ecotoxicity data were complemented by studies with the waterflea Daphnia magna, the algae Scenedesmus vacuolatus, larvae of the insect species Chironomus riparius and nitrifying soil microorganisms.
In the fish embryo test, no passage of Carbo-Iron particles into the perivitelline space or the embryo was observed. In D. rerio and H. azteca, Carbo-Iron was detected in the gut at the end of exposure, but no passage into the surrounding tissue was detected. Carbo-Iron had no significant effect on soil microorganisms and on survival and growth of fish. However, it had significant effects on the growth, feeding rate and reproduction of H. azteca and on survival and reproduction in D. magna. Additionally, the development rate of C. riparius and the cell volume of S. vacuolatus were negatively influenced.
A predicted no effect concentration of 0.1 mg/L was derived from the ecotoxicity studies based on the no-effect level determined in the reproduction test with D. magna and an assessment factor of 10. It was compared to measured and modelled environmental concentrations for Carbo-Iron after application to an aquifer contaminated with chlorohydrocarbons in a field study. Based on these concentrations, risk quotients were derived. Additionally, the overall environmental risk before and after Carbo-Iron application was assessed to verify whether the chances for a risk-risk trade-off by the remediation of the contaminated site could be minimized. With the data used in the present study, a reduced environmental risk was identified after the application of Carbo-Iron. Thus, the benefit of remediation with Carbo-Iron outweighs potential negative effects on the environment.
Business Process Querying (BPQ) is a discipline in the field of Business Process Man- agement which helps experts to understand existing process models and accelerates the development of new ones. Its queries can fetch and merge these models, answer questions regarding the underlying process, and conduct compliance checking in return. Many languages have been deployed in this discipline but two language types are dominant: Logic-based languages use temporal logic to verify models as finite state machines whereas graph-based languages use pattern matching to retrieve subgraphs of model graphs directly. This thesis aims to map the features of both language types to features of the other to identify strengths and weaknesses. Exemplarily, the features of Computational Tree Logic (CTL) and The Diagramed Modeling Language (DMQL) are mapped to one another. CTL explores the valid state space and thus is better for behavioral querying. Lacking certain structural features and counting mechanisms it is not appropriate to query structural properties. In contrast, DMQL issues structural queries and its patterns can reconstruct any CTL formula. However, they do not always achieve exactly the same semantic: Patterns treat conditional flow as sequential flow by ignoring its conditions. As a result, retrieved mappings are invalid process execution sequences, i.e. false positives, in certain scenarios. DMQL can be used for behavioral querying if these are absent or acceptable. In conclusion, both language types have strengths and are specialized for different BPQ use cases but in certain scenarios graph-based languages can be applied to both. Integrating the evaluation of conditions would remove the need for logic-based languages in BPQ completely.
In this thesis, the theory of video seethrough is fundamentally presented on the basis of a panoramic view from several camera frames of
different perspectives. Based on this, a system was designed and implemented in which video streams are put together into a panoramic image by
perspective distortion. This is then projected onto the inside of a cylinder
with the virtual position of the viewer in the middle. Finally, the resulting
video panoramas will be displayed in VR glasses. Within the implementation some optimizations are also presented, among others those that make
the system real-time capable beyond the task. Furthermore, the developed
system will be evaluated and compared with two other methods.
Data visualization is an effective way to explore data. It helps people to get a valuable insight of the data by placing it in a visual context. However, choosing a good chart without prior knowledge in the area is not a trivial job. Users have to manually explore all possible visualizations and decide upon ones that reflect relevant and desired trend in the data, are insightful and easy to decode, have a clear focus and appealing appearance. To address these challenges we developed a Tool for Automatic Generation of Good viSualizations using Scoring (TAG²S²). The approach tackles the problem of identifying an appropriate metric for judging visualizations as good or bad. It consists of two modules: visualization detection: given a data-set it creates a list of combination of data attributes for scoring and visualization ranking: scores each chart and decides which ones are good or bad. For the later, an utility metric of ten criteria was developed and each visualization detected in the first module is evaluated on these criteria. Only those visualizations that received enough scores are then presented to the user. Additionally to these data parameters, the tool considers user perception regarding the choice of visual encoding when selecting a visualization. To evaluate the utility of the metric and the importance of each criteria, test cases were developed, executed and the results presented.
Dieses Dokument umfasst den zweiten Zwischenbericht zum Projekt GeKOS – Gemeinsam entdecken Kinder ihren Ort mit Studierenden, der im Oktober 2017 an die Schöpflin-Stiftung übergeben wurde.
Das Projekt GeKOS wird vom Ministerium für Wissenschaft, Weiterbildung und Kultur des Landes Rheinland-Pfalz im Rahmen der Programmbudgets Hochschulpakt III sowie von der Schöpflin-Stiftung mit Sitz in Lörrach von 2016 bis 2020 finanziell gefördert. Zudem gewährte das rheinland-pfälzische Ministerium für Integration, Familie, Kinder, Jugend und Frauen im Jahr 2015 eine Anschubfinanzierung.
Der Fachbereich 4: Informatik forscht und lehrt in einem diversifzierten Spektrum der Digitalisierung von Wirtschaft, Gesellschaft und öffentlicher Verwaltung. Die Themen schließen Grundlagenforschung und anwendungsorientierte sowie interdisziplinäre Forschung und Lehre ein. Sie reichen von der Kerninformatik bis zu grafschen und ökonomischen Aspekten der Informationsverarbeitung, wie nachfolgende Grafk verdeutlicht (die einzelnen Institute und ihre zugehörigen Arbeitsgruppen stellen sich in den nachfolgenden Kapiteln vor):
Implementation of Agile Software Development Methodology in a Company – Why? Challenges? Benefits?
(2019)
The software development industry is enhancing day by day. The introduction of agile software development methodologies was a tremendous structural change in companies. Agile transformation provides unlimited opportunities and benefits to the existing and new developing companies. Along with benefits, agile conversion also brings many unseen challenges. New entrants have the advantage of being flexible and cope with the environmental, consumer, and cultural changes, but existing companies are bound to rigid structure.
The goal of this research is to have deep insight into agile software development methodology, agile manifesto, and principles behind the agile manifesto. The prerequisites company must know for agile software development implementation. The benefits a company can achieve by implementing agile software development. Significant challenges that a company can face during agile implementation in a company.
The research objectives of this study help to generate strong motivational research questions. These research questions cover the cultural aspects of company agility, values and principles of agile, benefits, and challenges of agile implementation. The project management triangle will show how benefits of cost, benefits of time, and benefits of quality can be achieved by implementing agile methodologies. Six significant areas have been explored, which shows different challenges a company can face during implementation agile software development methodology. In the end, after the in depth systematic literature review, conclusion is made following some open topics for future work and recommendations on the topic of implementation of agile software development methodology in a company.
This thesis is about the design and the implementation of a virtual reality experience. The goal is to answer two questions: Is it possible to create an immersive virtual reality experience which is mainly using impulses and triggers to scare and frighten users? Secondly, is this immersion strong enough to create an illusion in which the user can't separate the real world from the virtual world? To realise this project the design program Unity3D as well as Visual Studios 2017 were used. Furthermore, in order to verify that the experience is indeed immersive for the user, an experiment with a sample size of seven people was created. Afterwards the candidates were interviewed via a questionnaire how they felt during the virtual reality application. As a result the study showed that the application has tendencies to be immersive but the users were still aware of the situation. It can be concluded that the immersion was not strong enough to fool users regarding the separation of virtual and real world.
The loss of biodiversity is recognised on a global scale and also in the anthropogenic landscapes used for agriculture, now covering almost 50% of the global terrestrial land surface. In agriculture pesticides, biologically active chemicals are deliberately distributed to control pests, disease and weeds in the cropped areas. The quantification of remaining semi-naturals structures such as field margins and hedges is a prerequisite to understand the impact of pesticides on biodiversity, since these structures represent habitats for many organisms in agricultural landscapes. The presence of organisms in these habitats and crops is required to obtain an estimate of their potential pesticide exposure. In this text I provide studies on animal groups so far not addressed in risk assessment procedures for the regulation of pesticides such as amphibians, moths and bats. For all groups it becomes apparent that they are present in agricultural landscapes and potentially coincide with pesticide applications indicating a risk. Risk quantification also requires data on the sensitivity of organisms and here data for plants, amphibians and bees are presented. Effects translating to community level were studied for herbicide, insecticide and fertiliser effects in a natural system. After three years the treatments resulted in simplified plant communities with lower species numbers and a reduction in flowering plants. This reduction of flowers is used as an example for an indirect effect and was especially obvious for the effect of an herbicide on the common buttercup. Sublethal herbicide effects for a plant translated in an impact on feeding caterpillars, indicating a reduction in food quality. Insecticide inputs realistic for field margins also reduced moth pollination of white champion flowers by 30%. These indirect effects by distortions of food web characteristics are playing a critical role to understand declines in organism groups, however so far are not accounted for in pesticide risk assessment schemes. The current intense use of pesticides in agriculture and their inherent toxicity may lead to a chemical landscape fragmentation, where populations may not be connected anymore. Source-sink dynamics are important ecological processes and as a final result not only population size but also genetic population structure might be affected. Including potential pesticide impacts as costs in a model for amphibians migrating to breeding ponds in vineyards in Rhineland-Palatinate indicated the isolation of investigated populations. A first validation by analyzing the population structure of the European common frog confirmed the model prediction for some sites. For the regulation of pesticides in Europe a risk assessment is required and for the organisms of the terrestrial habitat a multitude of guidance documents is in place or is recently developed or improved. The results of the presented research indicate that wild plants and especially their reproductive flower stage are highly sensitive and risks are underestimated. Population recovery of arthropods needs a reevaluation at landscape scale and the addition of amphibian risk assessment in regulation procedures is suggested. However, developing or adopting risk assessment procedures and test systems is a time consuming task and therefore the establishment of risk management options is a pragmatic alternative with immediate effects. Artificial wetlands in the agricultural landscape proved to be important foraging sites for bats and their creation could mitigate negative pesticide effects. The integration of direct and indirect effects in a risk assessment scheme for all organism groups addressing also landscape scale and pesticide mixtures requires a long developing time. The establishment of model landscapes where management options and integrated pest management are applied on a larger scale would allow us to study pesticide effects in a realistic scenario and to develop an approach for the agriculture of the future.
This Bachelor thesis describes the conception, implementation and evaluation of a playful augmented reality application for mobile devices. Building on the ARCore SDK, the game pARcours was developed, where the player can place virtual objects in the real environment to build their own parcours. This must be flown through with a likewise virtual aircraft. The main focus in the implementation of the game was on the interaction with the virtual objects and the collision detection of these with real surfaces. Furthermore, various input methods for building the parcours and controlling the aircrafts were examined. In a final evaluation both the game and the various input methods could be evaluated, as well as ARCore with regard to the development of augmented reality applications.
This thesis deals with the conception and implementation of an action role-playing game using the game engine Unity. Within the context of an evaluation, the game was supposed to be evaluated with regard to the usability of the integrated control modes, the visual conviction of the animations and the user-friendliness of the tools and visualizations provided. In addition, weaknesses and problems in the game were to be identified through open feedback. The results of the evaluation showed that the game is still expandable in terms of usability and user-friendliness, but has left a good impression on the test persons.
Dieses Dokument umfasst den dritten Zwischenbericht zum Projekt GeKOS – Gemeinsam entdecken Kinder ihren Ort mit Studierenden, der im Oktober 2018 an die Schöpflin-Stiftung übergeben wurde. Das Projekt GeKOS wird vom Ministerium für Wissenschaft, Weiterbildung und Kultur des Landes Rheinland-Pfalz im Rahmen der Programmbudgets Hochschulpakt III sowie von der Schöpflin-Stiftung mit Sitz in Lörrach von 2016 bis 2020 finanziell gefördert. Zudem gewährte das rheinland-pfälzische Ministerium für Integration, Familie, Kinder, Jugend und Frauen im Jahr 2015 eine Anschubfinanzierung.
Streams are coupled with their riparian area. Emerging insects from streams can be an important prey in the riparian area. Such aquatic subsidies can cause predators to switch prey or increase predator abundances. This can impact the whole terrestrial food web. Stressors associated with agricultural land use can alter insect communities in water and on land, resulting in complex response patterns of terrestrial predators that rely on prey from both systems.
This thesis comprises studies on the impact of aquatic nsects on a terrestrial model ecosystem (Objective 1, hapter 2), the influence of agricultural land use on riparian spiders’ traits and community (Objective 2, Chapter 3), and on the impact of agricultural land use on the contribution of different prey to spider diet (Objective 3, Chapter 4).
In chapter 2, I present a study where we conducted a mesocosm experiment to examine the effects of aquatic subsidies on a simplified terrestrial food web consisting of two types of herbivores (leafhoppers and weevils), plants and predators (spiders). I focused on the prey choice of the spiders by excluding predator immigration and reproduction. In accordance with predator switching, survival of leafhoppers increased in the presence of aquatic subsidies. By contrast, the presence of aquatic subsidies indirectly reduced weevils and herbivory.
In chapter 3, I present the results on the taxonomic and trait response of riparian spider communities to gradients of agricultural stressors and environmental variables, with a particular emphasis on pesticides. To capture spiders with different traits and survival strategies, we used multiple collection methods. Spider community composition was best explained by in-stream pesticide toxicity and shading of the stream bank, a proxy for the quality of the habitat. Species richness and the number of spider individuals, as well as community ballooning ability, were negatively associated with in-stream pesticide toxicity. In contrast, mean body size and shading preference of spider communities responded strongest to shading,
whereas mean niche width (habitat preference for moisture and shading) responded strongest to other environmental variables.
In chapter 4, I describe aquatic-terrestrial predator-prey relations with gradients of agricultural stressors and environmental variables. I sampled spiders, as well as their aquatic and terrestrial prey along streams with an assumed pesticide pollution gradient and determined their stable carbon and nitrogen signals. Potential aquatic prey biomass correlated positively with an increasing aquatic prey contribution of T. montana. The contribution of aquatic prey to the diet of P. amentata showed a positive relationship with increasing toxicity in streams.
Overall, this thesis contributes to the emerging discipline of cross-ecosystem ecology and shows that aquatic-terrestrial linkages and riparian food webs can be influenced by land use related stressors. Future manipulative field studies on aquatic-terrestrial linkages are required that consider the quality of prey organisms, fostering mechanistic understanding of such crossecosystem effects. Knowledge on these linkages is important to improve understanding of consequences of anthropogenic stressors and to prevent further losses of ecosystems and their biodiversity.
To construct a business process model manually is a highly complex and error-prone task which takes a lot of time and deep insights into the organizational structure, its operations and business rules. To improve the output of business analysts dealing with this process, different techniques have been introduced by researchers to support them during construction with helpful recommendations. These supporting recommendation systems vary in their way of what to recommend in the first place as well as their calculations taking place under the hood to recommend the most fitting element to the user. After a broad introduction into the field of business process modeling and its basic recommendation structures, this work will take a closer look at diverse proposals and descriptions published in current literature regarding implementation strategies to effectively and efficiently assist modelers during their business process model creation. A critical analysis of presentations in the selected literature will point out strengths and weaknesses of their approaches, studies and descriptions of those. As a result, the final concept matrix in this work will give a precise and helpful overview about the key features and recommendation methods used and implemented in previous research studies to pinpoint an entry into future works without the downsides already spotted by fellow researchers.
Commonsense reasoning can be seen as a process of identifying dependencies amongst events and actions. Understanding the circumstances surrounding these events requires background knowledge with sufficient breadth to cover a wide variety of domains. In the recent decades, there has been a lot of work in extracting commonsense knowledge, a number of these projects provide their collected data as semantic networks such as ConceptNet and CausalNet. In this thesis, we attempt to undertake the Choice Of Plausible Alternatives (COPA) challenge, a problem set with 1000 questions written in multiple-choice format with a premise and two alternative choices for each question. Our approach differs from previous work by using shortest paths between concepts in a causal graph with the edge weight as causality metric. We use CausalNet as primary network and implement a few design choices to explore the strengths and drawbacks of this approach, and propose an extension using ConceptNet by leveraging its commonsense knowledge base.
Politische Steuerung in nationalen Bologna-Prozessen in Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz
(2019)
Das Ziel der Dissertation besteht in der Erklärung und Analyse grundlegender Steuerungsmuster zwischen Politik und Universitätssystem in den nationalen Bologna-Prozessen in Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz: Wurde die Studienreform primär staatlich verordnet, im Dialog mit den Hochschulen implementiert oder die Ausgestaltung der Reform der Wissenschaft weitgehend überlassen - und welche Instrumente wurden dabei weshalb genutzt? Damit schließt die Arbeit an den aktuellen Forschungsstand zu vertikalen Vermittlungsprozessen (übernational-national) im Bologna-Prozess an: Nationale Hochschulsysteme konvergieren nicht zu einem einheitlichen Modell, sondern nationale Faktoren (z.B. Problemdeutungen und Einflussmöglichkeiten von Bildungspolitik, Universitäten u.a.) führen dazu, dass Bologna jeweils länderspezifisch verstanden und interpretiert wird.
Vor diesem Hintergrund wird im theoretischen Teil zur Anleitung eines systematischen Vergleichs ein analytischer Rahmen entworfen, dessen Elemente sowohl aus der Politikwissenschaft (Instrumenteforschung, Politische Steuerung, Governance etc.) als auch aus der Hochschulforschung stammen. In den anschließenden empirischen Kapiteln zu den drei Ländern werden die Akteurkonstellationen und faktisch zu beobachtenden Instrumentarien beschrieben, analysiert und interpretiert. Die methodische Basis bilden neben der Analyse zahlreicher Dokumente 37 leitfadengestützte Interviews mit Expertinnen und Experten.
Grundsätzlich lassen sich auf Basis der empirischen Teile die folgenden zentralen Ergebnisse der Studie festhalten:
Deutschland: Aufgrund der relativ starken Kompetenzen der Länder und der Einflussschwäche der Universitäten ist für den deutschen Bologna-Prozess ein primär interventionistisches Muster kennzeichnend. Dieses wurde und wird bis heute dadurch verstärkt, dass die Umsetzung von Bologna durch spezifische Problemwahrnehmungen und -lösungen von KMK und HRK in den 90er Jahren geprägt ist (z.B. Modularisierung als Antwort auf unstrukturierte Studiengänge, Akkreditierung als Fortführung der tradierten Input-Steuerung). `Bologna` wurde so mit genuin nationalen Instrumenten verquickt, die z.T. quer zum tradierten Lehrhabitus vieler Hochschullehrerinnen und -lehrer lag und liegt (z.B. Modularisierung oder Kompetenzorientierung). Verstärkend trat hinzu, dass die Reform u.a. aufgrund des Bund/Länder-Konflikts in der Bildungspolitik im Vorfeld der Föderalismusreform I nicht finanziell unterstützt wurde. Plastisch formuliert ist der deutsche Bologna-Prozess regulativ über- und finanziell untersteuert, was auch zu den Studierendenprotesten 2009/2010 beitrug.
Österreich: Der Bologna-Prozess lief in Österreich parallel zu einem umfassenden Neuordnungsprozess, innerhalb dessen die Universitäten in ihrer Autonomie erheblich gestärkt wurden und sich das zuvor zentrale Wissenschaftsministerium in seinen Kompetenzen erheblich limitierte. Dieses hatte die Reform unmittelbar 1999 noch angestoßen, zog sich anschließend jedoch im Rahmen einer `minimalen Steuerung` zurück und übernahm auch keine Reformmehrkosten. Da unterhalb der in die Autonomie entlassenen Universitäten kein nationaler Dialog über die Reform in Gang kommen konnte, fand der Bologna-Prozess vor allem auf der Ebene der jeweils eigenständigen Universitäten `vor Ort` statt. Diese erhebliche regulative und finanzielle Untersteuerung führte 2009/2010 zu massiven Studierendenprotesten, die angesichts der schwachen Position des Ministeriums auch nur unzureichend kanalisiert werden konnten.
Schweiz: In der Schweiz hingegen ist eine austarierte regulative und finanzielle Steuerung zu beobachten. Bund und Kantone übertrugen Anfang der 2000er Jahre wenige, aber wesentliche Kompetenzen auf ein gemeinsames Organ, das seinerseits per Gesetz eng mit der Rektorenkonferenz zusammenarbeiten sollte. Bologna stärkte dieses bis dato auf dem Papier bestehende Muster: Vor dem Hintergrund einer übergreifend geteilten prozessualen Subsidiaritätsnorm sowie weitgehender Präferenzenübereinstimmung zwischen Politik und Universitäten finanzierte der Staat gezielt die Reformmehrkosten sowie strategische Projekte und delegiert die Formulierung, Implementierung und Weiterentwicklung zentraler Vorgaben auf der Basis des Entscheidungsvorbehalts an die Rektorenkonferenz bzw. Universitäten. Probleme werden innerhalb dieses Arrangements z.T. identifiziert und bearbeitet. Die Politik greift nur subsidiär im Ausnahmefall ein. Die Schweiz kommt daher dem Idealtypus der strukturierenden Steuerung sehr nahe.
Die Befunde werden abschließend in einen größeren Bezugsrahmen eingeordnet, um sie über Bologna hinaus für die Analyse des deutschen Hochschulsystems fruchtbar zu machen. Maßstab hierfür sind ausgewählte normative Kriterien zur Güte von Steuerungsmustern. So wird z.B. gezielt die politische Entscheidungskapazität in den beobachteten Mustern betrachtet: Während etwa in Deutschland auf die Studierendenproteste 2009 im Rahmen des interventionistischen Musters mit verbindlichen Instrumenten wie Strukturvorgaben, Akkreditierung und letztlich dem Qualitätspakt Lehre nicht nur symbolisch reagiert werden konnte, stand das Wiener Wissenschaftsministerium den starken Protesten durch den Verzicht auf regulative und finanzielle Ressourcen hilflos gegenüber.
Auf dieser Basis werden abschließend einige grundlegende Anregungen zur Weiterentwicklung des deutschen Hochschulsystems gegeben. Unter anderem wird dafür plädiert, den hochschulpolitischen Reformdiskurs, der sich oftmals nur zwischen den Polen `mehr Staat` und `mehr Wettbewerb` zu bewegen scheint, gezielt um alternative Handlungslogiken und Akteure zu erweitern: Die Ergebnisse der Arbeit legen nahe, Verbände und Organisationen (Rektorenkonferenzen, Fachgesellschaften, Fakultätentage u.a.) politisch zu stärken, um diese Sichtweisen und Expertisen in zukünftigen Reformprozessen (z.B. aktuell Digitalisierung) systematischer als zuvor miteinzubeziehen. Denn eine zu starke Entkopplung von politischen und wissenschaftlichen Rationalitäten führt unweigerlich zu nicht intendierten Effekten, die ihrerseits wieder Handlungsdruck erzeugen (z.B. Proteste).
Ecological assessment approaches based on benthic invertebrates in Euphrates tributaries in Turkey
(2019)
Sustainable water management requires methods for assessing ecological stream quality. Many years of limnological research are needed to provide a basis for developing such methods. However, research of this kind is still lacking in Turkey. Therefore, the aim of this doctoral thesis was to provide basic research in the field of aquatic ecology and to present methods for the assessment of ecological stream quality based on benthic invertebrates. For this purpose, I selected 17 tributaries of the Euphrates with a similar typology/water order and varying levels of pollution or not affected by pollution at all. The characterisation of the natural mountain streams was the first important step in the analysis of ecological quality. Based on community indices, I found that the five selected streams had a very good ecological status. I also compared the different biological indications, collected on two occasions ¬– once in spring (May) and once in autumn (September) – to determine the optimal sampling time. The macroinvertebrate composition differed considerably between the two seasons, with the number of taxa and Shannon index being significantly higher in autumn than in spring. In the final step, I examined the basal resources of the macroinvertebrates in the reference streams with an isotope analysis. I found that FPOM and biofilm were the most relevant basal resources of benthic invertebrates. Subsequently, based on the similarity of their community structures, I divided the 17 streams into three quality classes, supported by four community indices (EPT [%], EPTCBO [%], number of individuals, evenness). In this process, 23 taxa were identified as indicators for the three quality classes. In the next step, I presented two new or adapted indices for the assessment of quality class. Firstly, I adapted the Hindu Kush-Himalaya biotic index to the catchment area of the Euphrates and created a new, ecoregion-specific score list (Euph-Scores) for 93 taxa. The weighted ASPT values, which were renamed the Euphrates Biotic Score (EUPHbios) in this study, showed sharper differentiations of quality classes compared to the other considered ASPT values. Thus, this modified index has proved to be very effective and easy to implement in practical applications. As a second biological index, I suggested the proportion of habitat specialists. To calculate this index, the habitat preferences of the 20 most common benthic invertebrates were identified using the new habitat score. The proportion of habitat specialists differed significantly among the three quality classes with higher values in natural streams than in polluted streams. The methods and results presented in this doctoral thesis can be used in a multi-metric index for a Turkish assessment programme.
The goal of this work is the induction, conception, implementation and evaluation of an interactive game application among Android. The game genre of the app is a 2D-Jump ‘n’ Run Side-Scroller, whose graphical implementation is based on the four elements earth, fire, water and wind. The application should have classic functions of a Jump ‘n’ Run game and allow the player to overcome the four game worlds to find the finish. The implementation is based on Unity Engine and Adobe Photoshop. A user test asks basic questions about the application and specific questions about the research question, which are then evaluated. The research question examines the connection between fun factor and color perception while playing the app. Represented by the natural color combinations of the four elements. At the end possibilities for expansion and future prospects will be discussed.
Belief revision is the subarea of knowledge representation which studies the dynamics of epistemic states of an agent. In the classical AGM approach, contraction, as part of the belief revision, deals with the removal of beliefs in knowledge bases. This master's thesis presents the study and the implementation of concept contraction in the Description Logic EL. Concept contraction deals with the following situation. Given two concept C and D, assuming that C is subsumed by D, how can concept C be changed so that it is not subsumed by D anymore, but is as similar as possible to C? This approach of belief change is different from other related work because it deals with contraction in the level of concepts and not T-Boxes and A-Boxes in general. The main contribution of the thesis is the implementation of the concept contraction. The implementation provides insight into the complexity of contraction in EL, which is tractable since the main inference task in EL is also tractable. The implementation consists of the design of five algorithms that are necessary for concept contraction. The algorithms are described, illustrated with examples, and analyzed in terms of time complexity. Furthermore, we propose an new approach for a selection function, adapt for the concept contraction. The selection function uses metadata about the concepts in order to select the best from an input set. The metadata is modeled in a framework that we have designed, based on standard metadata frameworks. As an important part of the concept contraction, the selection function is responsible for selecting the best concepts that are as similar as possible to concept C. Lastly, we have successfully implemented the concept contraction in Python, and the results are promising.
The following bachelor thesis gives an overview of various approaches and techniques for procedural generation of three-dimensional city models. Especially the usage of generative grammars is being examined and later used for the implementation of an own application. Its focus was the embedding of predetermined primary street networks as well as the procedural generation of secondary street networks and different kinds of buildings. The application allows the efficient creation of extensive and variably structured city models. However, there are restrictions regarding the realism and variation of the results.
The development of a game engine is considered a non-trivial problem. [3] The architecture of such simulation software must be able to manage large amounts of simulation objects in real-time while dealing with “crosscutting concerns” [3,p. 36] between subsystems. The use of object oriented paradigms to model simulation objects in class hierarchies has been reported as incompatible with constantly changing demands during game development [2, p. 9], resulting in anti-patterns and eventual, messy refactoring.[13]
Alternative architectures using data oriented paradigms revolving around object composition and aggregation have been proposed as a result. [13, 9, 1, 11]
This thesis describes the development of such an architecture with the explicit goals to be simple, inherently compatible with data oriented design, and to make reasoning about performance characteristics possible. Concepts are formally defined to help analyze the problem and evaluate results. A functional implementation of the architecture is presented together with use cases common to simulation software.
With the appearance of modern virtual reality (VR) headsets on the consumer market, there has been the biggest boom in the history of VR technology. Naturally, this was accompanied by an increasing focus on the problems of current VR hardware. Especially the control in VR has always been a complex topic.
One possible solution is the Leap Motion, a hand tracking device that was initially developed for desktop use, but with the last major software update it can be attached to standard VR headsets. This device allows very precise tracking of the user’s hands and fingers and their replication in the virtual world.
The aim of this work is to design virtual user interfaces that can be operated with the Leap Motion to provide a natural method of interaction between the user and the VR environment. After that, subject tests are performed to evaluate their performance and compare them to traditional VR controllers.
Ordnung zur Änderung der Beitragsordnung des Studierendenwerks Koblenz
Dreiundzwanzigste Ordnung zur Änderung der Prüfungsordnung für die Prüfung im lehramtsbezogenen Bachelorstudiengang an der Universität Koblenz-Landau
Zwanzigste Ordnung zur Änderung der Prüfungsordnung für die Prüfung in den Masterstudiengängen für das Lehramt an Grundschulen, das Lehramt an Realschulen plus, das Lehramt an Förderschulen sowie das Lehramt an Gymnasien an der Universität Koblenz-Landau
Siebzehnte Ordnung zur Änderung der Prüfungsordnung für die Prüfung im Zwei-Fach-Bachelorstudiengang an der Universität Koblenz-Landau
Vierte Ordnung zur Änderung der Ordnung für die Prüfung im Bachelorstudiengang und im Masterstudiengang Erziehungswissenschaft an der Universität Koblenz-Landau, Campus Landau
Achte Ordnung zur Änderung der Gemeinsamen Prüfungsordnung für den Bachelorstudiengang und den Masterstudiengang „Psychologie“ des Fachbereichs
Psychologie der Universität Koblenz-Landau, Campus Landau
Siebte Ordnung zur Änderung der Ordnung für die Prüfung im Bachelorstudiengang Umweltwissenschaften und in den Masterstudiengängen Umweltwissenschaften / Environmental Sciences und Ecotoxicology an der Universität Koblenz-Landau, Campus Landau
Beitragsordnung der Studierendenschaft der Universität Koblenz-Landau, Campus Landau
The dissertation examines the self-concept of Indian religious women in German care institutions. For the analysis, the method of grounded theory was selected from empirical social research. The investigation field interviewed 26 Indian religious women and 5 employers. The theoretical foundations of mission history were the standard of the missionary ministry, the expression of the German and Indian concept of care, the concept of culture in its structural conditionality of dimensions and models with reference to the organization "religious community".
The direct relation to the research question was served by the hierarchical self-concept model according to Shalveson and another model by Bracken, which was used to interpret the empirical results. In the five core categories and their subcategories, the main motive was "being a missionary". Indian religious women refer to themselves as "European missionaries" and want to bring the love of Christ to the sick, the needy and the elderly through their care and nursing work.
In order for the Indian religious women to be able to work even more optimally in their self-concept in Germany, it is advisable to develop a requirement profile, to consider certain framework conditions in advance and to design new models of life.
Data flow models in the literature are often very fine-grained, which transfers to the data flow analysis performed on them and thus leads to a decrease in the analysis' understandability. Since a data flow model, which abstracts from the majority of implementation details of the program modeled, allows for potentially easier to understand data flow analyses, this master thesis deals with the specification and construction of a highly abstracted data flow model and the application of data flow analyses on this model. The model and the analyses performed on it have been developed in a test-driven manner, so that a wide range of possible data flow scenarios could be covered. As a concrete data flow analysis, a static security check in the form of a detection of insufficient user input sanitization has been performed. To date, there's no data flow model on a similarly high level of abstraction. The proposed solution is therefore unique and facilitates developers without expertise in data flow analysis to perform such analyses.
This bachelor thesis investigates the utilization of the Wii Balance Board
in virtual reality applications. For the investigation a snowboard game is
implemented, in which the virtual avatar can be controlled with the pressure
sensors of the Wii Balance Board. The user should be able to move
playfully and intuitively through the virtual environment by balancing his
body. The immersiveness and the influence on motion sickness and cybersickness
will be investigated. In Addition, the Wii Balance Board will be
compared with the Xbox Controller. The aim of the work is to evaluate
whether the Wii Balance Board is able to allow free movement in virtual
environments and whether it is more advantageous to use it rather than
a conventional controller. The results of the survey indicate that the Wii
Balance Board has a positive influence on the immersivness of the game,
despite better game results by using a conventional controller. The survey
also reveals that the use of the Wii Balance Board is responsible for more
motion-sickness/cybersickness cases.
Deformable Snow Rendering
(2019)
Accurate snow simulation is key to capture snow's iconic visuals. Intricate
methods exist that attempt to grasp snow behaviour in a holistic manner. Computational complexity prevents them from reaching real-time performance. This thesis presents three techniques making use of the GPU that focus on the deformation of a snow surface in real-time. The approaches are examined by their ability to scale with an increasing number of deformation actors and their visual portrayal of snow deformation. The findings indicate that the approaches maintain real-time performance well into several hundred individual deformation actors. However, these approaches each have their individual restrictions handicapping the visual results. An experimental approach is to combine the techniques at reduced deformation actor count to benefit from the detailed, merged deformation pattern.
In order to simulate realistic motion sequences, muscles must be able to be modelled anatomically correct. Yet it is only possible in SimPack to define muscles as a straight line between two points. This thesis presents an approach where ellipses can be defined through which a muscle must pass. The main problem is to calculate the length of this muscle through the ellipses. An algorithm is presented that calculates the shortest path of a muscle path through this ellipses. This algorithm is then implemented in Fortran 90 and integrated into an existing muscle model in SimPack.