Die Umsetzung von Fernarbeitsregelungen wurde bisher überwiegend in allgemeiner Natur betrachtet. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird mit Hilfe von Interviews mit Führungskräften, Mitarbeitern und IT-Dienstleistern die Umsetzung von Fernarbeitsregelungen in deutschen Regionalbanken betrachtet. Mit Hilfe der Grounded Theory werden dabei Herausforderungen, Lösungsansätze, Vorteile und Nachteile einer Umsetzung herausgearbeitet. Dabei zeigt sich, dass die Umsetzung zwischen den verschiedenen Banken starke Unterschiede aufweist, was den Fortschritt betrifft. Besonders die Überzeugung, dass eine Umsetzung vorteilhaft für die Bank sowie die Mitarbeiter ist, zeigt sich als Kernproblem in der eher konservativen Bankenlandschaft. Mit Hilfe der Arbeit werden Lösungsansätze gezeigt, um Herausforderungen bewältigen zu können und den Einfluss von Nachteilen zu minimieren. Dadurch dient die Arbeit dazu, Regionalbanken bei einer Umsetzung von Fernarbeitsregelungen zu unterstützen, indem sie Potenziale erkennen können und Möglichkeiten aufgezeigt bekommen, eine Umsetzung zu gewährleisten.

Wie hingen Sprache und Gewalt im Nationalsozialismus zusammen? Ausgehend von der konstitutiven Sprachphilosophie des kanadischen Philosophen Charles Taylor untersucht die Dissertation die destruktive Wirkmacht der Sprache am Fall des Nationalsozialismus, der auf ungekannte Weise in die Sprache eingriff und damit Gewalt begünstigte, die bis heute ohnegleichen ist.

Increasingly, problematic smartphone use behavior (PSU) and excessive consumption are reported. In this study, an experiment was developed to investigate the influence of screen coloration using the grayscale setting on smartphone usage time in repeated measurements. We also investigated how individuals perceived suffering correlates with smartphone usage time and PSU, and whether differences exist by smartphone usage type (social, process, habitual). 240 subjects completed a questionnaire about smartphone usage time, PSU, perceived suffering, and smartphone usage types. Afterward, their smartphones were switched to grayscale setting for at least 24h, and thereafter 92 of these participants completed the second questionnaire. Analyses showed that grayscale setting decreases usage time and that there is a positive correlation between PSU, smartphone usage duration, and perceived suffering. The types of use (process and habitual) influence one’s perceived suffering. Thus, it shows that individuals are aware of their PSU and suffer from it. Using grayscale setting is effective in reducing smartphone use time.

Eltern spielen eine entscheidende Rolle bei der Inanspruchnahme von kultureller Bildung durch Kinder und Jugendliche. Häufig sind sie in die Organisation und Finanzierung der kulturellen Bildungsangebote involviert. Insbesondere in ländlichen Räumen kommt die Besonderheit hinzu, dass Eltern aufgrund größerer räumlicher Distanzen und einer unzureichenden Ausstattung des ÖPNV Begleitfahrten mit dem eigenen PKW durchführen müssen. Häufig werden ländliche Räume anhand objektivierbarer Daten als strukturschwach oder kulturarm beschrieben. Darüber, ob oder inwiefern das von ländlich lebenden Eltern ebenso gesehen wird, ist jedoch wenig bekannt. Die vorliegende Dissertationsschrift gibt einen Einblick in die elterlichen Perspektiven auf kulturelle Bildung in ländlichen Räumen. Sie basiert auf offenen, qualitativen Leitfadeninterviews mit Eltern aus vier ländlichen Regionen Deutschlands, die diskursanalytisch und unter Zuhilfenahme von Kodierungspraktiken aus dem Kontext der Grounded Theory ausgewertet wurden. In den Interviews zeigt sich eine Vielzahl an elterlichen Verständnissen und Positionierungsweisen zur kulturellen Bildung in ländlichen Regionen. Es stellt sich heraus, dass der elterliche Diskurs auf einem komplexen Zusammenspiel sozioökonomischer bzw. -kultureller Bedingungen, raumstruktureller Gegebenheiten und individueller Präferenzen hinsichtlich kultureller Bildung auf dem Land basiert.

Praktika als gängige Lehr-Lernformate in hochschulischen Kontexten setzen stets die Zusammenarbeit verschiedener Institutionen und Personen voraus, da Studierende mit einem Praktikum den Lernort der Universität verlassen und in einen beruflichen Handlungszusammenhang mit den zugehörigen organisationalen Strukturen versetzt werden. Praktika werden unter anderem als Elemente der Berufsorientierung gesellschaftliche Implikationen zugeschrieben. Als Format innerhalb eines hochschulischen Bildungsgangs sind sie darüber hinaus mit didaktischen Begründungen verbunden und durch die Beteiligung verschiedener Personen auch mit individuellen Interessen. Studierende sind während eines Praktikums in der Rolle als Praktikant*in in besonderer Weise individuell gefordert. Ergänzt werden diese Perspektiven durch die Betrachtung disziplinärer und professioneller Implikationen, die sich für Praktika erziehungswissenschaftlicher Studiengänge ergeben. Zusammenarbeit findet in Praktika zwischen Organisationen, in Organisationen und zwischen Personen statt. Der geringe Forschungsstand zu Perspektiven auf Fragen der Zusammenarbeit für in erziehungswissenschaftliche Studiengänge integrierte Praktika bietet den Anlass der Studie. Um die verschiedenen Perspektiven auf Praktika als Zusammenarbeit zu erheben, werden qualitative episodische Interviews sowohl mit den Studierenden und Lehrenden einer Universität, als auch mit für Praktika verantwortlichen Tätigen aus dem beruflichen Bereich durchgeführt, die nach der qualitativen inhaltlich strukturierenden Inhaltsanalyse ausgewertet werden. Aus der Auswertung der geführten Interviews mit den drei Akteur*innen-Gruppen ergibt sich ein Einblick darin, wie sich Zusammenarbeit zwischen pädagogisch tätigen Institutionen, Universitäten und Studierenden in und durch Praktika konkretisiert. Es werden beispielsweise Aspekte der Interaktionsbezogenen Dimensionen beschrieben, wie auftauchende Dilemmata, Resonanzen, Kulturen des Umgangs, Interessenslagen und Konstellationen von Akteur*innen. Diese werden ergänzt um Aspekte der Dimensionen mit Bezug zu Institutionen, Umwelt, Aufgaben und Personen. Die Interviewaussagen von drei interviewten Akteur*innen-Gruppen Studierende, Praxisanleiter*innen, universitäre Lehrende werden vergleichend anhand dieser Dimensionen betrachtet und als Ergebnisse dieser Studie dargestellt. Die Ergebnisse liefern Aussagen dazu, wie Zusammenarbeit in Praktika erziehungswissenschaftlicher Studiengänge von den beteiligten Akteur*innen-Gruppen wahrgenommen wird. Dies kann dazu beitragen die differierenden Perspektiven anschlussfähig zu machen für die didaktische und organisatorische Gestaltung von Praktika durch Institutionen wie Universitäten und Praktikumseinrichtungen, aber auch durch Initiative von Studierenden in der Rolle als Praktikant*innen während eines erziehungswissenschaftlichen Studiums. Auch für weitere Forschungsprojekte zum Zusammenwirken der Beteiligten in Praktika kann die Studie Anstöße bieten.

Ordnung zur Änderung der Beitragsordnung des Studierendenwerks Koblenz Benutzungsordnung des Zentrums für Informations- und Medientechnologien (ZIMT) der Universität Koblenz Erste Satzung zur Änderung der Satzung über die Leitung und die innere Struktur wissenschaftlicher Einrichtungen und Betriebseinheiten der Universität Koblenz

The paper studies the digital transformation maturity in the context of the aviation industry in Vietnam. Digital transformation can mean enhancing existing processes, finding new opportunities within existing business domains, or finding new opportunities outside existing business domains. In the era of post Covid-19, digital transformation will play a vital role in the recovery with the support from digital technology to leverage the communication and implementation of new projects or changes. Digital transformation and digital transformation maturity sometimes are used indistinguishing, but they are two different definitions. This paper will further explain the differences and will apply digital transformation maturity as a scale for the digital transformation in the report. Due to the lack of experiment in the relationship between digital transformation maturity and the organizational readiness, the study will explore four components of organizational readiness, including digital leadership, digital culture, digital capabilities, and digital partnering.

For many decades, one of the most important focuses of research has been on determining whether or not there is a correlation between the size of an organization and its level of innovation. Unlike small companies, large companies often have well-established structure that are hard to change and change managements seems to be much more difficult especially related to innovation. Nevertheless, there are many examples to prove the opposites. Some large organization like Apple, Amazon... always show great innovation efforts and keep changing in a much positive way. Therefore, the aim of this thesis is to discuss of how large organization can be able to implement innovation when having much drawbacks compare to SMEs. Through the use of a qualitative research approach, researcher was able to explore essential information on the innovation strategies that large companies are using in order to innovate and how they could overcome existing challenges by studying the working process of Lotte Group – one of the biggest companies in Korea.

Antonio Lotti (1667-1740) gehört zu den venezianischen Komponisten, die in der älteren wie der neueren Fachliteratur ein hohes Ansehen genießen, obwohl seine Werke bis heute nur wenig bekannt sind. Eine unklare Überlieferungslage, aber auch sachfremde ästhetische Postulate verzögerten jedoch die Auseinandersetzung mit Lottis Kompositionen. Erst in neuerer Zeit gab es ein verstärktes Interesse sowohl an seinen Opern und vokaler Kammermusik als auch an seiner Kirchenmusik. In der vorliegenden Studie wird zunächst Lottis Biographie unter Einbeziehung neuer Quellenfunde auf dem aktuellen Stand des Wissens zusammenfassend dargestellt. Der zweite Teil bietet erstmals eine Identifikation von Lottis Buchstaben- und Notenschrift nach streng philologischen Kriterien. Angesichts des nicht mehr erhaltenen Nachlasses ist dieser Teil von besonderer Bedeutung, bietet er doch die unverzichtbare Basis zur weiteren Erforschung von Lottis Kirchenmusik, ihrer Überlieferung und Faktur.

Predictive Process Monitoring is becoming more prevalent as an aid for organizations to support their operational processes. However, most software applications available today require extensive technical know-how by the operator and are therefore not suitable for most real-world scenarios. Therefore, this work presents a prototype implementation of a Predictive Process Monitoring dashboard in the form of a web application. The system is based on the PPM Camunda Plugin presented by Bartmann et al. (2021) and allows users to easily create metrics, visualizations to display these metrics, and dashboards in which visualizations can be arranged. A usability test is with test users of different computer skills is conducted to confirm the application’s user-friendliness.

Entwicklungsplan der Universität Koblenz

In dieser wiederkehrenden Zeitschriftenreihe wollen wir die Arbeit junger Wissenschaftlerinnen und Wissenschaftler an der Universität Koblenz kommunizieren und Studierenden Austausch- und Publikationsmöglichkeiten für den wissenschaftlichen Werdegang eröffnen. In dieser Ausgabe: Lukas Fock: Third-Person Effect & Conspiracy Theories - It's always the others! Leoni Krawczyk: Das Déja-vu-Erlebnis als ein Resultat von impliziter Vertrautheit und oberflächlicher Reizverarbeitung Frederik Alexander Wilczek: Employer Branding in der Katholischen Kirche - Eine Untersuchung der Employer Branding-Strategien kirchlicher Arbeitgeber Alexander Bleffert: Modellierungsaufgaben als Beitrag zur Bildung für nachhaltige Entwicklung - Ein Beispiel für die Modellierungstage am Campus Koblenz Alina Strunk, Fabian Kind, Marina Gertner: Ist unser Wald noch zu retten? - Auswirkungen unterschiedlicher Waldbewirtschaftungsformen auf die natürliche Sukzession und die Bodenfeuchte - am Beispiel dreier Testflächen im Forstrevier Oberheimbach Nils Lenard Grosch: Parameterstudie zur Synthese von Aluminium-Nonametaphosphaten Stefanie Kröber: Sexuelle Gewalt gegen Kinder - Diskurs und Analyse therapeutischer Angebote für potenzielle Täter*innen

This thesis addresses the problem of action recognition through the analysis of human motion and the benchmarking of its imitation by robotic systems. For our action recognition related approaches, we focus on presenting approaches that generalize well across different sensor modalities. We transform multivariate signal streams from various sensors to a common image representation. The action recognition problem on sequential multivariate signal streams can then be reduced to an image classification task for which we utilize recent advances in machine learning. We demonstrate the broad applicability of our approaches formulated as a supervised classification task for action recognition, a semi-supervised classification task for one-shot action recognition, modality fusion and temporal action segmentation. For action classification, we use an EfficientNet Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) model to classify the image representations of various data modalities. Further, we present approaches for filtering and the fusion of various modalities on a representation level. We extend the approach to be applicable for semi-supervised classification and train a metric-learning model that encodes action similarity. During training, the encoder optimizes the distances in embedding space for self-, positive- and negative-pair similarities. The resulting encoder allows estimating action similarity by calculating distances in embedding space. At training time, no action classes from the test set are used. Graph Convolutional Network (GCN) generalized the concept of CNNs to non-Euclidean data structures and showed great success for action recognition directly operating on spatio-temporal sequences like skeleton sequences. GCNs have recently shown state-of-the-art performance for skeleton-based action recognition but are currently widely neglected as the foundation for the fusion of various sensor modalities. We propose incorporating additional modalities, like inertial measurements or RGB features, into a skeleton-graph, by proposing fusion on two different dimensionality levels. On a channel dimension, modalities are fused by introducing additional node attributes. On a spatial dimension, additional nodes are incorporated into the skeleton-graph. Transformer models showed excellent performance in the analysis of sequential data. We formulate the temporal action segmentation task as an object detection task and use a detection transformer model on our proposed motion image representations. Experiments for our action recognition related approaches are executed on large-scale publicly available datasets. Our approaches for action recognition for various modalities, action recognition by fusion of various modalities, and one-shot action recognition demonstrate state-of-the-art results on some datasets. Finally, we present a hybrid imitation learning benchmark. The benchmark consists of a dataset, metrics, and a simulator integration. The dataset contains RGB-D image sequences of humans performing movements and executing manipulation tasks, as well as the corresponding ground truth. The RGB-D camera is calibrated against a motion-capturing system, and the resulting sequences serve as input for imitation learning approaches. The resulting policy is then executed in the simulated environment on different robots. We propose two metrics to assess the quality of the imitation. The trajectory metric gives insights into how close the execution was to the demonstration. The effect metric describes how close the final state was reached according to the demonstration. The Simitate benchmark can improve the comparability of imitation learning approaches.

Teilgrundordnung für das Qualitätssicherungssystem nach § 5 HochSchG an der Universität Koblenz Ordnung zur Qualitätssicherung und -entwicklung in Studium und Lehre an der Universität Koblenz Sechzehnte Ordnung zur Änderung der Prüfungsordnung für die Prüfung im lehramtsbezogenen Bachelorstudiengang Berufsbildende Schulen an der Universität Koblenz-Landau, der Hochschule Koblenz und der Philosophisch-Theologischen Hochschule Vallendar Siebzehnte Ordnung zur Änderung der Prüfungsordnung für die Prüfung im lehramtsbezogenen Bachelorstudiengang Berufsbildende Schulen an der Universität Koblenz-Landau, der Hochschule Koblenz und der Philosophisch-Theologischen Hochschule Vallendar Fünfzehnte Ordnung zur Änderung der Ordnung für die Prüfung im Masterstudiengang Lehramt an berufsbildenden Schulen an der Universität Koblenz-Landau, der Hochschule Koblenz und der Philosophisch-Theologischen Hochschule Vallendar Sechszehnte Ordnung zur Änderung der Ordnung für die Prüfung im Masterstudiengang Lehramt an berufsbildenden Schulen an der Universität Koblenz-Landau, der Hochschule Koblenz und der Philosophisch-Theologischen Hochschule Vallendar Sechsundzwanzigste Ordnung zur Änderung der Ordnung für die Prüfung im lehramtsbezogenen Zertifikatsstudiengang (Erweiterungsprüfung) an der Universität Koblenz-Landau, Campus Koblenz und der Hochschule Koblenz Siebenundzwanzigste Ordnung zur Änderung der Ordnung für die Prüfung im lehramtsbezogenen Zertifikatsstudiengang (Erweiterungsprüfung) an der Universität Koblenz-Landau, Campus Koblenz und der Hochschule Koblenz Richtlinie der Universität Koblenz zur Einrichtung, Ausschreibung und Besetzung von Professuren und Juniorprofessuren (Berufungsrichtlinie) Satzung und Qualitätssicherungskonzept der Universität Koblenz zur Einrichtung, Ausschreibung und Besetzung von Juniorprofessuren (W1) mit und ohne Tenure-Track sowie zur Besetzung von Professuren unter Verzicht auf eine Ausschreibung (Tenure-Satzung) Benutzungsordnung der Universitätsbibliothek Bibliotheksordnung der Universität Koblenz

Redaktionelle Korrektur betreffend die Zweite Ordnung zur Änderung der Gemeinsamen Prüfungsordnung für die Bachelor- und Masterstudiengänge des Fachbereichs Informatik an der Universität Koblenz-Landau vom 03. August 2022 Redaktionelle Korrektur betreffend die Dreiundzwanzigste Ordnung zur Änderung der Prüfungsordnung für die Prüfung im Zwei-Fach-Bachelorstudiengang an der Universität Koblenz-Landau, Campus Koblenz vom 19. September 2022 Einschreibeordnung der Rheinland-Pfälzischen Technischen Universität Kaiserslautern-Landau Satzung der Rheinland-Pfälzisch Technische Universität Kaiserslautern-Landau über das Auswahlverfahren in zulassungsbeschränkten Studiengängen (Auswahlsatzung)

Ponds in agricultural landscapes are often used by amphibians as breeding habitat. However, the characteristics of agricultural ponds and especially the surrounding area are usually said to be suboptimal for many amphibian species. Using suboptimal habitats might allow a species’ survival and reproduction, but can have negative consequences at the individual and population level. In the present study, we investigated Palmate Newt (Lissotriton helveticus) populations from an intensive wine-growing region in southern Germany and compared them with populations located in a nearby forested area in terms of biometric traits, age and genetic structure. By analyzing over 900 adult newts from 11 ponds, we could show that newts reproducing in forest ponds were larger than newts reproducing in agricultural ponds. We did not find differences in the newt age and growth rate between habitat types. Therefore, differences in the body size of newts might already existed in larvae and/or juveniles, what might be related to a lower habitat quality for larvae and/or juveniles in the agricultural landscape. Body mass, body condition and sexual dimorphic traits (length of the caudal filament and max. height of the tail) correlated with body size, but no additional effect of the habitat type was found. The analysis of microsatellites revealed a higher genetic diversity in forest ponds. However, no clear sign of inbreeding was observed in any agricultural population, suggesting some degree of gene flow between them. We conclude, that agricultural ponds can be suitable habitats for the Palmate Newt and that conservation effort should aim to preserve them. The observed effects on body size indicate the need to increase the quality of the aquatic and terrestrial habitat for early life stages of this newt species in agricultural landscapes.

This thesis was motivated by the need to advance the knowledge on the variability and dynamics of energy fluxes in lakes and reservoirs, as well as about the physical processes that regulate the fluxes at both the air and water side of the air-water interface. In the first part, I re-examine how mechanical energy, resulting from its major source – the vertical wind energy flux - distributes into the various types of water motions, including turbulent flows and surface and internal waves. Although only a small fraction of the wind energy flux from the atmosphere is transferred to the water, it is crucial for physical, biogeochemical and ecological processes in lentic ecosystems. Based on extensive air- and water-side measurements collected at two small water bodies (< 10 km2), we estimated the energy fluxes and energy content in surface and in internal waves. Overall, the estimated energy fluxes and energy content agree well with results reported for larger water bodies, suggesting that the energetics driving the water motions in enclosed basins is similar, independently of the basin size. Our findings highlight the importance of the surface waves that receive the largest fraction of the wind energy flux, which strongly nonlinearly increases for wind speeds exceeding 3 m s-1. We found that the existing parameterization of the wave height as a function of wind speed and fetch length did not reproduce the measured wave amplitude in lakes. On average, the highest energy content was observed in basin-scale internal waves, together with high-frequency internal waves exhibiting seasonal variability and varies among the aquatic systems. During our analysis, we discovered the diurnal variability of the energy dissipation rates in the studied lake, suggesting biogenic turbulence generation, which appears to be a widespread phenomenon in lakes and reservoirs. In the second part of the thesis, I addressed current knowledge gaps related to the bulk transfer coefficients (also known as the drag coefficient, the Stanton number and the Dalton number), which are of a particular importance for the bulk estimation of the surface turbulent fluxes of momentum, sensible and latent heat in the atmospheric boundary layer. Their inaccurate representation may lead to significant errors in flux estimates, affecting, for example, the weather and climate predictions or estimations of the near-surface current velocities in lake hydrodynamic models. Although the bulk transfer coefficients have been extensively studied over the past several decades (mainly in marine and large-lake environments), there has been no systematic analysis of measurements obtained at lakes of different size. A significant increase of the transfer coefficients at low wind speeds (< 3 m s-1) has been observed in several studies, but, to date, it has remained unexplained. We evaluated the bulk transfer coefficients using flux measurements from 31 lakes and reservoirs. The estimates were generally within the range reported in previous studies for large lakes and oceans. All transfer coefficients increased substantially at low wind speeds, which was found to be associated with the presence of gusts and capillary waves (except the Dalton number). We found that the Stanton number is systematically higher than the Dalton number. This challenges the assumption made in the Bowen-ratio method, which is widely used for estimating evaporation rates from micrometeorological measurements. We found that the variability of the transfer coefficients among the lakes could be associated with lake surface area. In flux parameterizations at lake surfaces, it is recommended to consider variations in the drag coefficient and the Stanton number due to wind gustiness and capillary wave roughness while the Dalton number could be considered as constant at all wind speeds. In the third part of the thesis, I address the key drivers of the near-surface turbulence that control the gas exchange in a large regulated river. As all inland waters, rivers are an important natural source of greenhouse gases. The effects of the widespread alteration and regulation of river flow for human demands on gas exchange is largely unknown. In particular, the near-surface turbulence in regulated rivers has been rarely measured and its drivers have not been identified. While in lakes and reservoirs, near-surface turbulence is mainly related to atmospheric forcing, in shallow rivers and streams it is generated by bottom friction of the gravity-forced flow. The studied large regulated river represents a transition between these two cases. Atmospheric forcing and gravity were the dominant drivers of the near-surface turbulence for a similar fraction of the measurement period. Based on validated scalings, we derived a simple model for estimating the relative contributions of wind and bottom friction to near-surface turbulence in lotic ecosystems with different flow depths. Large diel variability in the near-surface energy dissipation rates due to flow regulation leads to the same variability in gas exchange. This suggests that estimates of gas fluxes from rivers are biased by measurements performed predominantly during daytime. In addition, the novelty in all the analyses described above is the use of the turbulent surface fluxes measured directly by the eddy-covariance technique – at the moment of writing, the most advanced method. Overall, this thesis is of a potential interest for a broad range of scientific disciplines, including limnology, micrometeorology and open channel hydraulics.

Inland waters play an active role in the global carbon cycle. They collect carbon from upstream landmasses and transport it downstream until it finally reaches the ocean. Along this path, manifold processing steps are evident, resulting in (permanent) retention of carbon by sediment burial as well as loss by evasion to the atmosphere. Constraining these carbon fluxes and their anthropogenic perturbation is an urgent need. In this context, attention needs to be set on a widespread feature of inland waters: their partial desiccation. This results in the emergence of formerly inundated sediments to the atmosphere, referred to as dry inland waters. One observed feature of dry inland waters are disproportional high carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. However, this observation was so far based on local case studies and knowledge on the global prevalence and fundamental mechanisms of these emissions is lacking. Against this background, this thesis aims to provide a better understanding of the magnitude and mechanisms of carbon emissions from dry inland waters on the global and local scale and to assess the impact of dry inland waters on the global carbon cycle. The specific research questions of this thesis were: (1) How do gaseous carbon emissions from dry inland waters integrate into the global carbon cycle and into global greenhouse gas (GHG) budgets? (2) What effect do seasonal and long term drying have on the carbon cycling of inland waters? The thesis revealed that dry inland waters emit disproportional large amounts of CO 2 on a global scale and that these emissions share common drivers across ecosystems. Quantifying global reservoir drawdown and upscaling carbon fluxes to the global scale suggests that reservoirs emit more carbon than they bury, challenging the current understanding of reservoirs as net carbon sinks. On the local scale, this thesis revealed that both, heterogeneous emission pattern between different habitats and seasonal variability of carbon emissions from the drawdown area, needs to be considered. Further, this thesis showed that re-mobilization of buried carbon upon permanent desiccation of water bodies can explain the observed emission rates, supporting the hypothesis of a positive feedback-loop between climate change and desiccation of inland waters. Overall, the present thesis highlights the importance of adding emissions from dry inland waters as a pathway to the global carbon cycle of inland waters.

Genetically modified plants have been grown commercially for about 25 years. Bt plants, which contain genes from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) and produce Cry proteins, are used particularly frequently. Risk assessment has long focused on the terrestrial environment. Only since the publication of Rosi-Marshall et al. in 2007 potential effects on the aquatic environment came into focus. The first part of this dissertation analyse the existing literature on lower-tier effect studies and fate studies examining the effects of GM plants on the aquatic environment. Potential effects on aquatic organisms are apparent. Some studies also demonstrate the entry of GM plant material into the aquatic environment and the leaching of toxins into the water. The second part of the dissertation investigate the effects of Cry1Ab toxin on two species of caddisfly larvae (Chaetopterryx spec., Sericostoma spec.). Trichopterans are phylogenetically closely related to lepidopterans, which are often the target organisms of Cry toxins. In order to be able to create several concentrations, a new spiking method was used in which dissolved Cry1Ab toxin was applied on leaves of black alder (Alnus glutinosa). Effects were particularly evident at sublethal endpoints. The lipid content of Chaetopteryx spec. larvae was lower after twelve weeks with increasing Cry1Ab concentration. The reduction in lipid content may indicate an increase in energy requirements for repair mechanisms. Sericostoma spec. showed a slowdown in larval development at the highest Cry1Ab concentration after six weeks, which could lead to later emergence and thus effects on the food chain. In the third part of the dissertation, the assessment of impacts of GM crops on the aquatic environment was investigated using higher-tier studies. Since higher-tier studies are already common with pesticides, these were compared to the higher-tier studies already conducted with GM crops. It is found that there is no standardization of higher-tier studies with GM crops, which is necessary for quality assurance and comparability of studies. In addition, there are great difficulties in establishing different test concentrations, which is necessary for the investigation of a dose-response relationship. Overall, it is clear that there are still significant knowledge gaps of the effects of GM plants on the aquatic environment. Further studies are essential for a comprehensive and meaningful risk assessment.

Manmade dams have been constructed from centuries for multiple purposes, and in the past decades they have been constructed in a fast pace, with the hotspot in tropical and subtropical regions. However, studies that explore hydrodynamics in these areas are scarce and biased to the rich literature available for temperate regions. Lakes and reservoirs have the same controlling mechanisms for physical processes and primary production, hence, analyses that were initially conceptualized for lakes are frequently applied for reservoirs. Nevertheless, longitudinal gradients in reservoirs challenges the application of these approaches. Degradation of water quality in reservoirs is a major concern, and it is expected to be aggravated with climate change. Therefore, studies that explore mechanisms controlling water quality are essential for the maintenance of these systems, especially in tropical and subtropical regions. The aim of this thesis is to comprehend the role of hydrodynamic processes in the fate of nutrients in reservoirs and its implications on water quality, in a subtropical region. With focus on the relevance of different density current patterns. For that, analyses combining field measurements and numerical simulations were performed in a medium to small size subtropical drinking water reservoir for a complete seasonal cycle. Measurements were conducted combining several approaches: traditional sampling, sensors in high temporal and spatial resolution, and remote sensing. Besides, hydrodynamic models were set up and calibrated to reproduce observations, and to simulate scenarios that assisted on the analysis. Results showed that different flow paths of density currents did not influence on phytoplankton dynamics. At the regions where the main nutrient supply was the river inflow (upstream), the density currents did not vary, the euphotic zone usually covered the entire depth, and vertical mixing was observed on a daily basis, turning the flow path of the density currents irrelevant. At downstream regions, the remobilization of nutrients in the sediment was the main source for primary production. Even though density currents had a seasonal pattern in the downstream region, thermal stratification conditions were the driver for variations in chlorophyll-a concentrations, with peaks after vertical mixing. This mechanism had in its favor the frequent anoxic conditions in the hypolimnion that enhanced the dissolution of reactive phosphorus from the sediment. Anoxic conditions were easily reached because the sediment in the downstream area was rich in organic matter. Phytoplankton produced in the upstream area was transported by the density currents, and for this reason, large concentrations of chl-a was observed below the euphotic zone. Further, the extensive measurements of temperature, and flow velocities, together with the hydrodynamic models, provided insights about the hydrodynamics of reservoirs. For instance, that the relevant processes occurred along the longitudinal, and mixing conditions varied along it. The relevance of inflow conditions regarding the presence of structures such as forebays and pre-dams, and the degree of stream shading in the catchment was assessed. And turbulence and internal waves had different features than the documented for high latitudes. Those findings can assist on the management of reservoirs, based on the comprehension of the physical processes.

Generation Z strömt derzeit mit neuen Wertvorstellungen und hohen Ansprüchen in die Arbeitswelt ein, was Führungskräfte vor eine große Herausforderung stellt. Um sich im Fachkräftemangel zu behaupten, die jungen Talente zu rekrutieren sowie langfristig an das Unternehmen zu binden, müssen Unternehmen, insbesondere Führungskräfte die Erwartungen und Anforderungen der Generation Z kennen und diesen gerecht werden. Während die Erwartungen und Anforderungen der Vorgängergenerationen bereits analysiert wurden, sind die der jungen Generation Z unbekannt. Um die Erwartungen und Anforderungen der Generation Z an Führungskräfte und deren Verhaltensweisen zu identifizieren, wurde eine qualitative Forschungsmethode angewandt, indem fünf Experteninterviews mit Studierenden aus der Generation Z geführt wurden. Diese wurden anschließend mithilfe einer qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse anhand von Kategorien ausgewertet. Die junge Generation stellt hohe Erwartungen an Führungskräfte sowie deren Verhalten ihnen gegenüber. So fordern sie nicht nur klare Vorgaben hinsichtlich der an sie gestellten Erwartungen, sondern zeigen auch das Bedürfnis nach regelmäßigem Austausch und Feedbackgesprächen mit ihrem Leader. Führung sollte für Generation Z immer auf Augenhöhe stattfinden, geprägt von einer offenen Kommunikation sowie einem wertschätzenden Umgang. Zudem sollte die Führungskraft als Ansprechpartner bei Problemen und Fragen für die Generation Z zur Seite stehen. Die dargestellten Ergebnisse der Arbeit leisten einen wichtigen Beitrag für Wissenschaftler im Forschungsfeld Generationsmanagement und helfen zudem Entscheidungsträgern im Personalmanagement die Anforderungen und Erwartungen der jungen Generation Z zu erfüllen. Somit profitieren sie nicht nur im Recruiting davon, sondern können die jungen Talente möglicherweise langfristig an das Unternehmen binden.

Satzung über die Wahl der Doktorandenvertretung der Universität Koblenz Teil-Grundordnung zum Qualitätssicherungssystem der Rheinland-Pfälzischen Technischen Universität Kaiserslautern-Landau

The Coronavirus Pandemic has influenced the lives of many people. We analyzed the effects of physical activity and stress on students’ motivation during the Pandemic. Participants were 254 university students who reported their academic motivation, physical activity, general stress, the Coronavirus Pandemic strain, and their Coronavirus stress. Women reported higher levels of Coronavirus stress, general stress, and motivation. The Coronavirus stress was predicted by the strain of the Coronavirus Pandemic but not by physical activity. General stress and gender predicted mastery goals, and performance goals were predicted by general stress. Physical activity was not related to students’ motivation during the Pandemic. Higher levels of general stress were associated with higher academic motivation. Negative emotions like stress could have enhanced students’ motivation during uncertain times of the Pandemic. Moreover, a moderate stress level could be favorable for academic dedication and achievement.

This dissertation is dedicated to a new concept for capturing renunciation-oriented attitudes and beliefs — sufficiency orientation. Sufficiency originates in the interdisciplinary sustain-ability debate. In contrast to efficiency and consistency, sufficiency considers human behaviour as the cause of socio-ecological crises and strives for a reduction in consumption respecting the planetary boundaries. The present work places sufficiency in a psychological research context and explores it qualitatively and quantitatively. On the basis of five manuscripts, the overarching question pursued is to what extent sufficiency orientation contributes to socio-ecological transformation. Based on one qualitative study and five further quantitative studies, sufficiency orientation is investigated in different behavioural contexts that are of particular importance with regard to CO2 emissions. In addition, sufficiency orientation is linked to a wider range of psychologically relevant theories that help gain an overview of correlates and possible causes for the development of a sufficiency orientation. Manuscript 1 uses expert interviews (N = 21) to develop a heuristic framework on a transformation towards societal sufficiency orientation including barriers and enablers, as well as ambiguities on such a change. The derived elements are interpreted in the light of the leverage points approach. This framework can serve as a heuristic for future research and to develop measures concerning sufficiency orientation. As part of an online study (N = 648), Manuscript 2 examines the extent to which sufficiency orientation can be embedded in classic models for explaining pro-environmental intentions and behaviour (Theory of Planned Behaviour, Norm Activation Model), and showed a significant contribution to the explanation of intentions and behaviour in the field of plastic consumption. Manuscript 3 reports two framing experiments (Study 1, N = 123, Study 2, N = 330) to investigate how pro-social justice sensitivity contributes to making sufficiency orientation more salient and promoting it. While sufficiency orientation and pro-social facets of justice sensitivity were positively related to each other, there was no effect of the framing intervention in the hypothesised direction. The results indicate that justice-related information at least in the presented manner is more likely to generate reactance. Manuscript 4 presents an online study (N = 317) and targets the importance of sufficiency orientation for predicting actual greenhouse gas emissions in relation to flight behav-iour and policy support for the decarbonisation of mobility. In addition, the connection between sufficiency orientation and global identity is examined. It turns out that sufficiency orientation is superior to global identity in predicting actual emissions and decarbonisation policies. Contrary to expectations, sufficiency orientation and the form of global identity operationalised in the presented study shows a positive correlation and are compatible. Manuscript 5 reports a reflective diary intervention (N = 252) that should lead to a short- and long-term increase in sufficiency orientation by satisfying basic psychological needs through induced self-reflection. For both groups with or without the intervention, sufficiency orientation increased slightly but significantly. Although no specific effect of the manipulation was found, basic psychological need satisfaction turns out to be the largest predictor for sufficiency orientation. Subjective well-being is positively associated with sufficiency orientation, while time affluence shows no clear associations in the study. Overall, the results highlight the relevance of sufficiency orientation in relation to socio-ecological transformation and actual behavioural change. Sufficiency orientation is related to low-emission behaviour and support for political measures to decarbonize infrastructures. These results contribute to the discussion on the intention-behaviour gap in regard to impact-relevant behaviour, i.e. behaviour producing high emissions. The present findings suggest, that sufficiency orientation could be related to a strong intention-behavioural consistency. However, further research is needed to validate these results and improve the measurement of sufficiency orientation. Furthermore, the studies provided insights on correlates of sufficiency orientation: justice sensitivity, global identity, subjective well-being and left-wing liberal political ideologies are all found to be positively related to sufficiency orien-tation. Moreover, basic psychological need satisfaction was identified as a potential mechanism that can support the emergence of sufficiency orientation, however, causality remains unclear. From these findings, the work derives practical implications how to possibly strengthen sufficiency orientation on the micro, meso and macro levels of society. Taken together, the dissertation provides important insights into a new and still developing concept, and shows its connectivity to psychological theories. However, future research is required in order to grasp more precisely the complexity of sufficiency orientation and to understand origins and predictors of sufficiency orientation. This work contributes to the interdisciplinary debate on socio-ecological transformation and points out that sufficiency orientation can serve to a future worth living as being related to reduced consumption.

Objectives: Crayfish plague disease, caused by the oomycete pathogen Aphanomyces astaci represents one of the greatest risks for the biodiversity of the freshwater crayfish. This data article covers the de novo transcriptome assembly and annotation data of the noble crayfish and the marbled crayfish challenged with Ap. astaci. Following the controlled infection experiment (Francesconi et al. in Front Ecol Evol, 2021, https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2021.647037), we conducted a differential gene expression analysis described in (Boštjančić et al. in BMC Genom, 2022, https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-022-08571-z) Data description: In total, 25 noble crayfish and 30 marbled crayfish were selected. Hepatopancreas tissue was isolated, followed by RNA sequencing using the Illumina NovaSeq 6000 platform. Raw data was checked for quality with FastQC, adapter and quality trimming were conducted using Trimmomatic followed by de novo assembly with Trinity. Assembly quality was assessed with BUSCO, at 93.30% and 93.98% completeness for the noble crayfish and the marbled crayfish, respectively. Transcripts were annotated using the Dammit! pipeline and assigned to KEGG pathways. Respective transcriptome and raw datasets may be reused as the reference transcriptome assemblies for future expression studies.