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Railway safety is a topic which gains the public attention only if major railway accidents happen. This is because railway is considered as a safe mode of travel by the public. However, to ensure the safety of the railway system railway companies as well as universities conduct a broad spectrum of research. An overview of this research has not yet been provided in the scholarly literature. Therefore, this thesis follows two objectives. First an overview and ranking of railway safety research universities should be provided. Second, based on these universities, it should be identified which are the most relevant and influential research topics. The ranking is based on the research method “literature review” which forms the methodical basis for this thesis. To evaluate the universities based on a measurable and objective criterion, the number of citations of the researchers from each university is gathered. As a result, the University of Leuven for the civil engineering, Milan Politechnico for mechanical enginering and the University of Loughborough for electrical engineering are identified as the leading university in their field of railway safety research. The top universities for each discipline are distributed all over Europe, North America and Asia. However, a clear focus on the US and British universities is observed. For identification of the most relevant and influential topics the keywords from the publications which are considered in the ranking procedure are analyzed. Focus areas among these keywords are revealed by calculating the count of each keyword. High-speed trains as well as maintenance are recognized as the highly relevant topics in both civil and mechanical engineering. Furthermore, the topic of railway dynamics for mechanical engineering and noise and vibration for civil engineering are identified as the leading topics in the respective discipline. Achieving both research goals required exploratory approaches. Therefore, this thesis leaves open space for future research to deepen the individual topics which are approached in each section. A validation of the results through experts interviews as well as a deepening of the analysis through increasing the number of analyzed universities as well as applying statistical methods is recommended.
Das Interesse am Konzept Crowdfunding ist in den letzten Jahren sowohl aus der Wirtschaft als auch aus der Wissenschaft gestiegen. Neben Künstlern und Entrepreneuren finanzieren nun auch Wissenschaftler ihre Projekte durch zahlreiche kleine Beiträge aus der Crowd. Allerdings spiegelt die wahrgenommene Nutzung in Deutschland nicht die Vorteile einer Crowdfunding-Kampagne wider, insbesondere nicht im internationalen Vergleich. Die vorliegende Studie untersucht diesen Umstand, indem sie die Motive und Barrieren für eine Finanzierung durch Crowdfunding identifiziert, um Empfehlungen für Forschungseinrichtungen zur Förderung von Crowdfunding zu formulieren. Durch eine Literaturanalyse werden erste Erkenntnisse ermittelt, welche dann für die Durchführung von qualitativen Interviews mit elf Wissenschaftlern, die bereits eine Crowdfunding-Kampagne erfolgreich abgeschlossen haben, verwendet werden. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass ForscherInnen in Deutschland Crowdfunding in erster Linie dazu verwenden, Aufmerksamkeit für das Thema und die wissenschaftliche Gemeinschaft im Allgemeinen zu schaffen. Die größten Barrieren sind der enorme Aufwand, der mit einer Kampagne verbunden ist, und die mangelnde Reputation des Konzepts des Crowdfunding seitens der deutschen Wissenschaft. Zudem eignen sich nur Themen und Projekte mit einer hohen Öffentlichkeitswirksamkeit und einem Fördervolumen von maximal fünfstelligen Beträgen. Darüber hinaus konnte die öffentliche Wahrnehmung der Experten während der Kampagne als zusätzliche Barriere identifiziert werden.
Diese Ergebnisse führen zu drei Empfehlungen für Forschungseinrichtungen zur Förderung von Crowdfunding: Es wird empfohlen das Bewusstsein für das Thema Crowdfunding als zusätzliche Form der Forschungsfinanzierung zu sensibilisieren und die Vorteile einer Crowdfunding-Kampagne hervorzuheben. Universitäten sollten mit Crowdfunding Akteuren (bspw. Plattformen und Experten) zusammenarbeiten und die Netzwerkeffekte einer Universität sollten genutzt werden. Die Universitäten sollten Unterstützung leisten, um die Arbeitsbelastung auf interdisziplinäre Teams zu verteilen, um so das Verhältnis zwischen Aufwand und Ertrag zu optimieren. Die gewählte Methodik und der Geltungsbereich der Thesis eröffnen weitere Forschungsmöglichkeiten, die die Perspektive der Universitäten und die Bedingungen in anderen Ländern untersuchen könnten. Darüber hinaus ist eine groß angelegte quantitative Studie erforderlich, um die identifizierten Konzepte statistisch zu validieren.
Artificial intelligence (AI) is of rising importance in these days. AI is increasingly used in various company fields. Nonetheless, no high-quality scientific sources could be found stating the use of AI in the field of leadership. This research gap is addressed with this elaboration by performing expert interviews with leaders. In total seventeen companies could be questioned. The results indicate that AI is not widely used in leadership yet since only one company uses it currently and just about 10% of the participants plan the implementation in the closer feature. While the following items ex- plain why companies want to use AI in leadership: Chances for automation, time and cost savings, many important disadvantages and issues prevent companies from actively using it now: No areas of application are known, no need justifies the use, human interactions as a key aspect of leadership is reduced and it is hard to collect all necessary data. Beyond that, it was aimed to identify changes in the field of leadership through the use of AI. This objective could not be addressed due to the limited number of participants using AI in leadership.
Keywords: Leadership, artificial intelligence, transformation, state-of-use
Remote Working Study 2022
(2022)
The Remote Working Study 2022 is focused on the transition to work from home (WFH) triggered by the stay at home directives of 2020. These directives required employees to work in their private premises wherever possible to reduce the transmission of the coronavirus. The study, conducted by the Center for Enterprise Information Research (CEIR) at the University of Koblenz from December 2021 to January 2022, explores the transition to remote working.
The objective of the survey is to collect baseline information about organisations’ remote work experiences during and immediately following the COVID-19 lockdowns. The survey was completed by the key persons responsible for the implementation and/or management of the digital workplace in 19 German and Swiss organisations.
The data presented in this report was collected from member organisations of the IndustryConnect initiative. IndustryConnect is a university-industry research programme that is coordinated by researchers from the University of Koblenz. It focuses on research in the areas of the digital workplace and enterprise collaboration technologies, and facilitates the generation of new research insights and the exchange of experiences among user companies.