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Institut
Der Einsatz von Computern hat in den vergangenen Jahrzehnten die Arbeitsweise von Sozialwissenschaftlern nachhaltig verändert. Es ist wohl nicht übertrieben zu behaupten, daß die Verbreitung und zunehmende Bedienungsfreundlichkeit von Rechenanlagen und statistischen Auswertungsprogrammen der empirischen Sozialforschung als vorherrschender Forschungsstrategie erst zum Durchbruch verholfen haben. Mit der steigenden Bedeutung von Computern im sozialwissenschaftlichen Forschungsprozeß ist auch eine neue Wissenschaftsdisziplin entstanden, die sich schwerpunktmaßig mit der Adaption und Anwendung von Werkzeugen und Methoden der Informatik in der sozialwissenschaftlichen Forschung beschäftigt: die Sozialwissenschaftliche Informatik. Das vorliegende Skript ist aus einer Reihe von Vorlesungen hervorgegangen, die wir für Studierende dieses Anwendungsfaches im Studiengang Diplom-Informatik an der Universität Koblenz-Landau gehalten haben. Im Gegensatz zu vielen anderen Einführungen in die uni- und multivariate Datenanalyse richtet sich die vorliegende Darstellung der statistischen Verfahren in erster Linie an fortgeschrittene Anwender der "klassischen" statistischen Methoden, die sich einen Überblick über die mathematischen Grundlagen der angewandten Methoden verschaffen und bei der Interpretation ihrer Analyseergebnisse die Fallstricke rezeptbuchartiger Einführungen vermeiden möchten. Dieses elektronische Dokument ist die geringfügig überarbeitete Fassung des 1994 erschienenen Buches, welches seit langem vergriffen ist.
This paper describes a parallel algorithm for selecting activation functionsrnof an artifcial network. For checking the efficiency of this algorithm a count of multiplicative and additive operations is used.
An estimation of the number of multiplication and addition operations for training artififfcial neural networks by means of consecutive and parallel algorithms on a computer cluster is carried out. The evaluation of the efficiency of these algorithms is developed. The multilayer perceptron, the Volterra network and the cascade-correlation network are used as structures of artififfcial neural networks. Different methods of non-linear programming such as gradient and non-gradient methods are used for the calculation of the weight coefficients.
This paper describes results of the simulation of social objects, the dependence of schoolchildren's professional abilities on their personal characteristics. The simulation tool is the artificial neural network (ANN) technology. Results of a comparison of the time expense for training the ANN and for calculating the weight coefficients with serial and parallel algorithms, respectively, are presented.
The paper is devoted to solving the problem of assessing the quality of the medical electronic service. A variety of dimensions and factors of quality, methods and models applied in different scopes of activity for assessing quality of service is researched. The basic aspects, requirements and peculiarities of implementing medical electronic services are investigated. The results of the analysis and the set of information models describing the processes of assessing quality of the electronic service "Booking an appointment with a physician" and developed for this paper allowed us to describe the methodology and to state the problem of the assessment of quality of this service.
The paper is devoted to solving a problem of the development of the website of Russian municipal policlinics and provides a selection of a set of elements which should be posted on a website. Such elements are necessary to provide citizens with correct and ergonomic e-services. The insufficient development of an infrastructure of institutions of public and municipal administration (particularly, healthcare institutions) in Russia made it necessary to analyze webresources used in different countries at different levels of providing medical services. The information resources of medical treatment facilities of the United Kingdom, of the United Statesrnof America and of the Federal Republic of Germany were researched separately for three existing economic models of healthcare. A set of criteria for the assessment of medical webresources was developed.
From September 4 to 11, 1992, a fiirst meeting between Ukrainian and German scientists interested in mathematical and computer modeling of social processes was held at Vorzel' near Kiev. The meeting had been planned for nearly three years by Igor V. Chernenko and Mikhail V. Kuz'min, then members of the research group on mathematical modeling in sociology at the Institute of Sociology of the Academy of Science of the Ukrainian Republic, and had to be postponed twice due to the political development in the former Soviet Union, but thanks to the organizers' perseverance (and in spite of a strike of the airport personell at Kiev Borispol Airport on the eve of the conference) the conference could at last be realized.rnThe main purpose of the conference was to discuss a synergetic interpretation of large-scale destructive social processes as catastrophic phenomena in self-organized systems.