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This thesis imparts a general view of the mechanics and implementation of latest voxelization strategies using the GPU. In addition to established voxelization procedures using the rasterization pipeline, new possibilities arising from GPGPU programming are examined. On the basis of the programming language C++ and the graphics library OpenGL the implementation of several methods is explained. The methods are compared in terms of performance and quality of the resulting voxelization and are evaluated critically with regards to possible use cases. Furthermore, two exemplary applications are detailed that use a voxelized scene in such a way that the augmentation of established techniques of real time graphics are facilitated. To this end, the concepts and the implementations of Transmittance Shadow Mapping and of Reflective Shadow Mapping utilizing a voxel based ambient occlusion effect is explained. Finally, the prolonging relevance of voxelization is put into prospect, by addressing latest research and further enhancements and applications of the presented methods.
This work compiles the comparison of different medical drug-dispensers. A drug-dispenser is a device which allows it from a larger amount of drugs to take a smaller one. To perform this comparison 15 requirements for the dispensers were found. The requirements "organization", "remind" and "ergonomics" are assigned to the taking-easement. "Compliance", "adaptability", "selectivity", "persistence", "functionality", "correctness" and "specificity / sensitivity" belong to the compliance, which is therapy loyalty. With it this category makes most demands. The category storage collects "hygiene", "pharmaceutical forms" and "robustness". Finally, the requirements "clarity" and "data protection" were assigned to other requirements. After this, different dispenser-concepts were first introduced and analyzed on the fulfillment of the requirements. The following concepts were analyzed: pillbox, oneweek-dispenser, Blister, tubular bag, MEMS, OtCM, electronic Dispenser, smartphone application. According to the analysis the dispensers could be compared with each other. It turned out that all concepts show deficits. Hence the author developed an own concept which fulfils all requirements except for two from well to very well. It represents the mightiest concept.
Remote rendering services offer the possibility to stream high quality images to lower powered devices. Due to the transmission of data the interactivity of applications is afflicted with a delay. A method to reduce delay of the camera manipulation on the client is called 3d-warping. This method causes artifacts. In this thesis different approaches of remote rendering setups will be shown. The artifacts and improvements of the warping method will be described. Methods to reduce the artifacts will be implemented and analyzed.
Community-Plattformen im Internet verwenden codebasierte Governance, um ihre hohe Anzahl an Nutzerbeiträgen zu verwalten. Dazu gehören alle Arten von Funktionalitäten, mit denen die Community Nutzerbeiträge in irgendeiner Form direkt oder indirekt beurteilen kann. Diese Arbeit erklärt zunächst die Bedeutung codebasierter Governance und der verschiedenen dafür nutzbaren Funktionalitäten. Anschließend werden die erfolgreichsten 50 Community-Plattformen auf codebasierte Governance untersucht. Das Ergebnis zeigt die Zusammenhänge zwischen dem Aufbau einer Plattform, der Beschaσffenheit der Nutzerbeiträge und der darauf ausübbaren codebasierten Governance auf.
This master thesis is about the possibilities of supporting local corporate sales with the help of current mobile applications. The internet already has served in order to make the trading market more dynamic. The conditions for long-term local corporate sales have become more challenging. Because of smaller cost structures online-retailer offer prizes on which local point of sales can hardly keep up with. Another point is that more customers decide to order online because the service in e-shops enhanced; therefore, the digital transactions become more attractive for consumers. Today smartphones and tablets have brought the digitalization to a whole new level. With the possibility of Mobile Web the effects that the internet already showed us in the past have been intensified. The question that proposes here is: In which way do the conditions of competitions for local corporate sales change? This paper follows the outline of putting together various mobile services, their functions, and their practical usage, as well as the process of integrating them successfully into marketing. With that one should be able to find out if Mobile Web can be seen as an advantage for local corporates sales.
By the work presented in this thesis, the CH4 emissions of the River Saar were quantified in space and time continuously and all relevant processes leading to the observed pattern were identified. The direct comparison between reservoir zones and free-flowing intermediate reaches revealed, that the reservoir zones are CH4 emission hot spots and emitted over 90% of the total CH4. On average, the reservoir zones emitted over 80 times more CH4 per square meter than the intermediate reaches between dams (0.23 vs. 19.7 mol CH4 m-2 d-1). The high emission rates measured in the reservoir zones fall into the range of emissions observed in tropical reservoirs. The main reason for this is the accumulation of thick organic rich sediments and we showed that the net sedimentation rate is an excellent proxy for estimating ebullitive emissions. Within the hot spot zones, the ebullitive flux enhanced also the diffusive surface emissions as well as the degassing emissions at dams.
To resolve the high temporal variability, we developed an autonomous instrument for continuous measurements of the ebullition rate over long periods (> 4 weeks). With this instrument we could quantify the variability and identify the relevant trigger mechanisms. At the Saar, ship-lock induces surges and ship waves were responsible for over 85% of all large ebullition events. This dataset was also used to determine the error associated with short sampling periods and we found that with sampling periods of 24 hours as used in other studies, the ebullition rates were systematically underestimated by ~50%. Measuring the temporal variability enabled us to build up a conceptual framework for estimating the temporal pattern of ebullition in other aquatic systems. With respect to the contribution of freshwater systems to the global CH4 emissions, hot spot emission sites in impounded rivers have the potential to increase the current global estimate by up to 7%.
The architecture of decentralized digital transaction systems with public transaction history provides no transaction monitoring to prevent unwanted transactions and to identify the transmitter and receiver of those transactions. With the introduction of a public list of unwanted addresses, it is possible to isolate these unwanted addresses by general exclusion and thereby to prevent unwanted transactions, as well as to identify the owners of unwanted addresses. The public list management can be performed by decentralized multiple instances using a trust network, so that the decentralized nature of the systems is maintained.
Larvae of Cx.pipiens coocurred with Cladocera, but the latter established delayed in time. Biotope structure influenced time of species occurrence with ponds at reed-covered wetlands favouring crustacean development, while ponds at grassland biotopes favoured colonization by mosquito larvae. The mechanisms driving the negative effect of crustaceans on mosquito larvae were investigated within an experiment under artificial conditions. Crustacean communities were found to reduce both oviposition and larval development of Cx.pipiens. Crustacean communities of high taxa diversity, including both predatory and competing crustaceans, were more effective compared with crustacean communities dominated by single taxa. Presence of crustacean communities characterised by high taxa diversity increased the sensitivity of Cx.pipiens larvae towards Bti and prolonged the time of recolonization. In a final step the combined approach, using Bti and crustaceans, was evaluated under field conditions. The joint application of Bti and crustaceans was found to reduce mosquito larval populations over the whole observation period, while single application of Bti caused only short-term reduction of mosquito larvae. Single application of crustaceans had no significant effect, because high abundances of prior established mosquito larvae impeded propagation of crustaceans. At combined treatment, mosquito larvae were reduced by Bti application and hence crustaceans were able to proliferate without disturbance by interspecific competition. In conclusion, natural competitors were found to have a strong negative impact on mosquito larval populations. However, a time span of about 2 weeks has to be bridged, before crustacean communities reached a level sufficient for mosquito control. Results of a combined approach, complementing the short-term effect of the biological insecticide Bti with the long-term effect of crustaceans, were promising. Using natural competitors within an integrated control strategy could be an important tool for an effective, environmentally friendly and sustainable mosquito management.
The animation of models has become an important part in different areas of everyday life. It is a demanding task for computer graphics to generate
a natural deformation of organic models. Skinning is a common method to animate models without animating each vertex individually. The skin of the model deforms automatically by manipulating individual bones of a skeleton.
This bachelor thesis deals with the most common algorithm, linear blend skinning and aims to find some optimizations regarding the visual effect
and performance. Additionally it presents certain instancing methods which are combined with the skinning methods in the application to show the advantages and disadvantages of the latter.
This work presents an application for simulation objects, which can change their aggregate states between solid and liquid using a temperature system. The focal points are the simulation of fluids with a particle system, the generation of a surface and the visualization of metal. The application should be interactive and match the real time conditions. Different types of Shader are used for the parallelized computations on the GPU. Also more options to use the application and possible improvements are presented.
Tiny waves driven by wind, shallow, long waves, head overlapping sea, all of these waves occur in every ocean and even in small lakes. The surface of water is one of the most versatile phenomenas of nature. Not only the movement of waves, but also the reflection of sky, sun and coastline makes the surface of water unique. Exactly this complexity is what brings its own challenges to the simulation of water surfaces. That is why simulation of water occupies mathematicians with a challenge for nearly 400 years now.
In the last fifty years this challenge has more and more shifted to computer science. Computer graphic designers have tried to visualise water in a realistic manner for centuries. Science in this field expends from simple noise filters to mathematically complex solutions like Fourier Transformation.
In the following work historical background of todays wave theories, as well as mathematical fundamentals are given. The focus of this work is set on the implementation of these methods in OpenGL 3.3.
In diesem Bericht wird der Einsatz von drahtlosen Sensornetzen zur Temperaturmessung in Fließgewässern untersucht. Es wird dargestellt, inwieweit solche Netze als Bindeglied zwischen Fernerkundung und stationären Sensoren eingesetzt werden können. Es werden die Anforderungen an Sensornetze für die Anwendung Gewässermonitoring ermittelt und eine prototypische Realisierung von Netzknoten für ein solches Sensornetz dargestellt. Als Ergebnis dieser Arbeit werden die Genauigkeit von Temperaturmessungen mit solchen Sensorknoten im Vergleich zu einem Temperaturlogger als Referenzsystem dargestellt. Die Messungen zeigen, dass eine vergleichsweise gute Messgenauigkeit zu geringen Kosten erreichbar ist. Durch Weiterentwicklung des hier dargestellten Prototypen steht für die Temperaturüberwachung in Gewässern ein vielversprechendes und kostengünstiges neues Messinstrument zur Verfügung. Dieses kann auf der einen Seite in tieferen Regionen Gewässertemperaturen messen, als dies mit Fernerkundung möglich ist, und auf der anderen Seite eine höhere räumliche Auflösung als stationäre Messstationen erreichen. Zusätzlich dienen die Literaturrecherche und die Formulierung der Kriterien einer Eingrenzung des Anwendungsbereichs für weiterführende Arbeiten.
In the last few years, information technology experienced a great increase. People and Enterprises are able to exchange information through the development of the Web 2.0 to the Social Web. Social Networks like Facebook or Xing, blogs from known and unknown people or the many discussion forums are common platforms where people have the opportunity to share and exchange information. Enterprises and people have to accept this fact and development. The reputation is also influenced by the overabundance of information. The result of this development is the digital reputation, which extend the entire reputation. Everyone who is looking for an order or a job can assume that his orrnher name will be "googled", whether he or she is a part of an internet branch or not. Every information is available through search engines. Just a quick look at the Facebook or Xing profile is needed to get a brief impression of someone. The communications expert Klaus Eck said that someone who takes the internet seriously will get a benefit for the development of his digital reputation. This research work will show you through a self made questionnaire what is seen as positive and negative influences on the reputation in Social Networks and how the digital reputation impacts the entire reputation.
Diffusion imaging captures the movement of water molecules in tissue by applying varying gradient fields in a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based setting. It poses a crucial contribution to in vivo examinations of neuronal connections: The local diffusion profile enables inference of the position and orientation of fiber pathways. Diffusion imaging is a significant technique for fundamental neuroscience, in which pathways connecting cortical activation zones are examined, and for neurosurgical planning, where fiber reconstructions are considered as intervention related risk structures.
Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is currently applied in clinical environments in order to model the MRI signal due to its fast acquisition and reconstruction time. However, the inability of DTI to model complex intra-voxel diffusion distributions gave rise to an advanced reconstruction scheme which is known as high angular resolution diffusion imaging (HARDI). HARDI received increasing interest in neuroscience due to its potential to provide a more accurate view of pathway configurations in the human brain.
In order to fully exploit the advantages of HARDI over DTI, advanced fiber reconstructions and visualizations are required. This work presents novel approaches contributing to current research in the field of diffusion image processing and visualization. Diffusion classification, tractography, and visualizations approaches were designed to enable a meaningful exploration of neuronal connections as well as their constitution. Furthermore, an interactive neurosurgical planning tool with consideration of neuronal pathways was developed.
The research results in this work provide an enhanced and task-related insight into neuronal connections for neuroscientists as well as neurosurgeons and contribute to the implementation of HARDI in clinical environments.